Devices and systems for treating based on light therapy are disclosed. One example device includes an eyewear configured for placement in front of an eye to allow light to reach the eye, and one or more filters having transmission spectra within a range that approximately spans 450 to 570 nm associated with blue or green light. The one or more filters is configured to block light spectra outside of said range and to allow the blue or green light to reach the eye for administering light therapy to a subject exhibiting pain.

In some embodiments provided herein is a method of treating pain, the method comprising injecting into the subarachnoid space of the subject a pharmaceutical composition comprising: a) a multivesicular liposome comprising: at least one amphipathic lipid, and at least one neutral lipid; and b) an aqueous phase comprising bupivacaine phosphate, wherein the aqueous phase is encapsulated within the multivesicular liposome.

A new analgesic has been developed for T-type calcium channels as therapeutic targets. The present invention provides a T-type calcium channel inhibitor which is a compound represented by formula (1): ##STR00001## wherein each of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 independently represents —H or —OH; R.sup.3 represents —OH; R.sup.4 represents —OH or —H; R.sup.5 represents a straight or branched alkyl or cycloalkyl-alkyl group having one to ten carbon atoms or a straight or branched alkenyl or cycloalkyl-alkenyl group having two to ten carbon atoms,
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof. The present invention also provides this T-type calcium channel inhibitor, a medicament containing the T-type calcium channel inhibitor, and a therapeutic or prophylactic agent for a disease having an effective T-type calcium channel inhibitory action.

A new analgesic has been developed for T-type calcium channels as therapeutic targets. The present invention provides a T-type calcium channel inhibitor which is a compound represented by formula (1): ##STR00001## wherein each of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 independently represents —H or —OH; R.sup.3 represents —OH; R.sup.4 represents —OH or —H; R.sup.5 represents a straight or branched alkyl or cycloalkyl-alkyl group having one to ten carbon atoms or a straight or branched alkenyl or cycloalkyl-alkenyl group having two to ten carbon atoms,
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof. The present invention also provides this T-type calcium channel inhibitor, a medicament containing the T-type calcium channel inhibitor, and a therapeutic or prophylactic agent for a disease having an effective T-type calcium channel inhibitory action.

A multi chamber syringe unit includes a longitudinal body with side wall, distal end side, proximal end side opposite to distal end side, an interior limited by side wall between distal end side and proximal end side and distal opening arranged in distal end side for providing a liquid out of the body. The syringe further includes a separating element arranged in the interior of the body such that distal chamber and proximal chamber are formed in the interior of the body, wherein the separating element seals the distal chamber from the proximal chamber. The syringe has a bypass arrangement provided in the side wall of distal chamber of the body. A first pharmaceutical liquid is arranged in distal chamber of the body and second pharmaceutical liquid in proximal chamber of the body. The multi chamber syringe unit allows for adequately administering plural pharmaceutical liquids by injection.

Intravesical drug delivery devices that include a device body, a number of solid drug tablets, and a retention frame. The device body includes a drug reservoir lumen and a retention frame lumen. The drug tablets is positioned in the drug reservoir lumen, and the retention frame is positioned in the retention frame lumen.

Disclosed is the use of a KOR agonist in combination with a MOR agonist in preparing a drug for treating pain. The KOR agonist is selected from a compound as shown in the general formula (I), and the MOR agonist is selected from a compound as shown in the general formula (II), wherein the definitions of each substituent in the general formula (I) and (II) are the same as defined in the description. ##STR00001##

Disclosed is the use of a KOR agonist in combination with a MOR agonist in preparing a drug for treating pain. The KOR agonist is selected from a compound as shown in the general formula (I), and the MOR agonist is selected from a compound as shown in the general formula (II), wherein the definitions of each substituent in the general formula (I) and (II) are the same as defined in the description. ##STR00001##

Neuroactive steroid anaesthetic agents, methods for their preparation and compositions comprising the same are disclosed. Also provided are scaled up and/or GMP methods for preparing neuroactive steroids, such as alfaxalone, alfadolone and alfadolone acetate.

Provided are methods of using (1R,5S)-1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane, in free or pharmaceutically acceptable salt form.