An apparatus for controlling a level of gas in a closed environment from a gas supply having a gas sensor for detecting the level of gas in the closed environment. The apparatus has a valve in communication with the gas supply which is automatically opened without human interaction, monitoring and adjustment to release gas from the gas supply into the environment when the level of gas in the environment goes below a first predetermined level and which is automatically closed without human interaction, monitoring and adjustment to stop gas from being released from the gas supply into the environment when the level of gas in the environment goes above a second predetermined level. A method for controlling a level of gas in a closed environment from a gas supply. A refuge chamber.

One aspect of the invention provides a mobile clinic including: an intermodal container defining at least a first opening and a second opening; a partition wall located within the intermodal container, the partition wall separating the intermodal container into an anteroom and a treatment room; and an access control device programmed to prevent passage from the anteroom into the treatment room until a user's donning of personal protective equipment is verified. Another aspect of the invention provides a collapsible structure including: a rigid base; a rigid roof; one or more collapsible walls extending between the floor and the base; and an erector system comprising four cross-bars. Another aspect of the invention provides a crate including: a bottom panel; a top panel; and a plurality of walls, wherein at least two of said plurality of wails including one or more conduits.

One aspect of the invention provides a mobile clinic including: an intermodal container defining at least a first opening and a second opening; a partition wall located within the intermodal container, the partition wall separating the intermodal container into an anteroom and a treatment room; and an access control device programmed to prevent passage from the anteroom into the treatment room until a user's donning of personal protective equipment is verified. Another aspect of the invention provides a collapsible structure including: a rigid base; a rigid roof; one or more collapsible walls extending between the floor and the base; and an erector system comprising four cross-bars. Another aspect of the invention provides a crate including: a bottom panel; a top panel; and a plurality of walls, wherein at least two of said plurality of wails including one or more conduits.

A rescue vehicle (2) includes a chassis (4), a drive unit (6) fastened to the chassis (4) and a driver's cab (8), which is fastened to the chassis (4). The chassis (4) is arranged behind the driver's cab (8) in a longitudinal direction L of the rescue vehicle (2). The rescue cab (10) has a gas-tight configuration. The rescue cab (10) has at least one door (12) as an access to the interior (14) of the rescue cab (10). The rescue vehicle (2) has an air supply unit (16), which is configured to supply the interior (14) of the rescue cab (10) with breathing air.

A rescue vehicle (2) includes a chassis (4), a drive unit (6) fastened to the chassis (4) and a driver's cab (8), which is fastened to the chassis (4). The chassis (4) is arranged behind the driver's cab (8) in a longitudinal direction L of the rescue vehicle (2). The rescue cab (10) has a gas-tight configuration. The rescue cab (10) has at least one door (12) as an access to the interior (14) of the rescue cab (10). The rescue vehicle (2) has an air supply unit (16), which is configured to supply the interior (14) of the rescue cab (10) with breathing air.

Disclosed is a device for protecting a user from smoke or fire, including a sealed dome-like cover. An opening provided in the cover front portion enables emergency oxygen to force smoke present under the cover to be expelled by positive air pressure through a space below the waist. The dome-like cover is overlaid from above the top of the head to at least the waist of the user and connected to a source of oxygen. The device is reversible so that it can also be used as a stretcher. The materials used enable use as a thermal blanket. The device can be provided compactly folded in a bag that can provide lumbar support thereby ensuring that miners will always carry the device with them. A step of vacuum sealing for a predetermined amount of time ensures malleability of the compact device for enhanced lumbar support and device longevity.

A system and method for maintaining overpressure in a logging unit or other pressurized space through interruptions is disclosed. A backup air supply comprising tanks mounted to a frame is operatively connected to the ambient environment of the logging unit through a valve assembly which also connects a conventional pressure setup (e.g., pumps and filters from the external environment). The valve assembly comprises two auto valves, a shuttle valve, and a pressure sensor that allow the logging unit to switch from the conventional external air supply to the tanks when the pressure detected from the conventional air supply falls below a predetermined level. The valve assembly is independently housed and may be mounted or detached from the frame housing the backup tanks.

A personal physical conditioning system, for a single, full-size human subject, has a sealable chamber that is configured to allow entry therein and occupancy thereof by the entirety of the single, full-size human subject and to allow the subject to exercise in a standing position using an item of physical conditioning equipment entirely contained within the sealable chamber. The system also has a ventilation system, including a pump, operable to change air in the sealable chamber and to establish, within the sealable chamber, a desired non-zero air pressure level of less than 1 atmosphere and down to pressure conditions substantially equivalent to an elevation of 25,000 feet above sea level. Related methods are also provided.

A personal physical conditioning system, for a single, full-size human subject, has a sealable chamber that is configured to allow entry therein and occupancy thereof by the entirety of the single, full-size human subject and to allow the subject to exercise in a standing position using an item of physical conditioning equipment entirely contained within the sealable chamber. The system also has a ventilation system, including a pump, operable to change air in the sealable chamber and to establish, within the sealable chamber, a desired non-zero air pressure level of less than 1 atmosphere and down to pressure conditions substantially equivalent to an elevation of 25,000 feet above sea level. Related methods are also provided.

A personal exercise apparatus that allows simultaneous simulation of mild to high altitude environments with algorithmically driven environmental stressors that may be pre-programmed or personally developed via physiological feedback during training. Additional stressors include an ability to transiently alter pressure in a chamber of the personal exercise apparatus at variable frequencies and amplitudes with a range of changes with an option of random pressure oscillations designed to personalize training programs. The additional stressors further include small variations in inspired CO2 levels and temperature allowing individuals to simulate breathing and temperature conditions in preparation for desired environmental conditions.