The fire-escape composition is composed of two components, one consisting essentially of urea, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, ammonium hydrogen carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, fluorocarbon surfactant and water; the other consisting of tartaric acid, potassium citrate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate, wherein the two components are combined before usage. The fire-escaping system comprises the fire-escape composition and a container with a chamber, wherein the container is to be applied to a fire so as to deliver the composition.

Fire-fighting device with at least one generator arranged for discharging fire-fighting agent, an electrically triggerable ignition means arranged in the generator, the ignition means being controllable via an at least two-pole control connection. A bypass circuit electrically arranged at the control connection detects a triggering of the ignition means and closes a switch when the ignition means is released.

A proportioner having a body portion that defines a fluid passage for transporting a fire protection fluid and a foam passage for transporting a foam concentrate. The foam concentrate mixes with the fire protection fluid to form a fire protection solution. The proportioner also includes a restrictor assembly having a restrictor disk and an orifice plate. The orifice plate has an opening for receiving the restrictor disk. The restrictor disk and opening are configured to form an annulus between an outer surface of the restrictor disk and an inner surface of the opening when at least a portion of the restrictor disk is disposed within the opening and the restrictor disk is spaced from the orifice plate. The restrictor assembly is configured to maintain the annulus for a full travel range of the restrictor disk.

A device for suppressing and/or extinguishing a fire associated with a container may include a housing defining a hollow sleeve and a column configured to be received within the hollow sleeve. The column may define a first chamber, a second chamber, at least one aperture, and a piercing end configured to pierce a barrier. The first chamber may be configured to receive an expansion agent, and the second chamber may be configured to receive a fire extinguishing agent. The device may be configured such that upon activation of the expansion agent, the column extends from the housing so as to enable the piercing end to penetrate the container and to enable the fire extinguishing agent to be delivered into an interior of the container via the at least one aperture.

A fluid distribution system includes a first flow meter configured to be positioned along an agent line, a metering valve configured to be positioned downstream of the first flow meter, a second flow meter configured to be positioned downstream of the first flow meter and an eductor, and a controller configured to selectively operate the fluid distribution system in a testing mode where the controller is configured to acquire a first flow rate of a fluid flowing through the first flow meter and a second flow rate of the fluid flowing through the second flow meter, determine a performance characteristic based on the first flow rate and the second flow rate, and modulate a current setting of the metering valve from a first setting to a second setting and conduct the testing mode sequence again at the second setting to verify the fluid distribution system is performing properly.

The present disclosure discloses a battery casing, a method for manufacturing the same, and a device including a battery casing. A battery casing includes a casing body, a plurality of battery cells accommodated in the casing body, and a fire protection plate which is disposed inside the casing body at least corresponding to the plurality of battery cells and includes a thermal aerosol fire protection layer which includes an aerosol generating agent, wherein a total mass A of the aerosol generating agent in the casing body and a free space volume B of the casing body satisfy a relationship as represented by 0.03 g/L≤A/B≤8 g/L.

A method of manufacturing a self-expanding fire-fighting foam solution is disclosed. Here, the method can include purging air from a container, wherein the purging is performed via flowing an inert gas into the container, such that substantially inert environment is created within the container. In addition, the method can further include dispensing or filling a pre-determined amount of foam concentrate into a container, dispensing or filling a pre-determined amount of water into the container, and mixing the foam concentrate and water within the container, wherein the mixed foam and water within the inert container provide the self-expanding fire-fighting foam solution and having a pH ranging from about 6.8 to 7.8 moles per liter.

A fluid system includes a ratio controller. The ratio controller includes a housing, a nozzle, and a diffuser. The housing defines a mixing chamber, a first inlet positioned at a first end of the mixing chamber, an outlet positioned at an opposing second end of the mixing chamber, and a second inlet positioned at a location around a periphery of the mixing chamber between the first inlet and the outlet. The first fluid is configured to receive a first fluid input. The second inlet is configured to receive a second fluid input. The nozzle includes a nozzle inlet positioned proximate the first inlet and a nozzle outlet positioned within the mixing chamber. The diffuser extends from the outlet and outward from the housing. The diffuser includes a diffuser inlet positioned within the mixing chamber.

A fire suppression system includes a battery enclosure, a liquid carbon dioxide (CO2) storage system, and a controller. The liquid CO2 storage system is fluidly coupled to the battery enclosure. The controller is configured to receive an indication of a fire condition associated with the battery enclosure. The controller is configured to control operation of the liquid CO2 storage system to provide liquid CO2 to an interior of the battery enclosure. The liquid CO2 converts into dry ice to cool the battery enclosure.

An example fire suppression apparatus includes a nozzle assembly configured to emit a spray of water through a spray nozzle projecting outward from a side wall of the nozzle assembly. The nozzle assembly includes a union fitting body, a first compression nut threadably engaged with a first end of the side wall, a second compression nut threadably engaged with an opposite, second end, and a longitudinal aperture extending from the first end to the second end. A spray nozzle rotatably connected to the side wall is formed with a transverse spray channel in fluid communication with the longitudinal aperture. An apparatus embodiment optionally includes many of the nozzle assembly connected in series to one another by intervening water distribution pipes to form a water distribution network.