Grass seed performance may be predicted by receiving grass seed selections for individual grass seed varieties and target geographic regions for growing the grass seed selection. A common set of grass attributes is identified from historical grass attribute values associated with the selected target regions. The historical grass attribute values in the first common set of grass attributes are retrieved and are displayed in a graphical format for the at least two individual grass seed varieties in the at least two selected target regions. A weighted average may be calculated for the historical grass attribute values in the common set and may provide a prediction of performance of the individual grass seed varieties across the selected geographic regions or in regions proximate the selected geographic regions.

A turf cup is described that is mounted to a top of an irrigation sprinkler. The turf cup includes an outer sleeve and a plurality of drainage passages.

A turf cup is described that is mounted to a top of an irrigation sprinkler. The turf cup includes an outer sleeve and a plurality of drainage passages.

American ryegrass varieties and seed used to produce the grass are provided. The grass is useful as a short lived, improved turfgrass on golf courses, athletic fields and other areas using seeded turfgrasses. The grass is useful in overseeding of dormant warm season grasses since its lack of heat tolerance allows for a smooth transition for the warm-season grass. The grass will provide a green cover during the winter months but will die out when the temperatures increases to the point which allow the warm-season grass to grow. In more temperate climates American ryegrass will provide a permanent turf more cold tolerance, with good winter color, and better drought tolerance and persistence than perennial ryegrass.

American ryegrass varieties and seed used to produce the grass are provided. The grass is useful as a short lived, improved turfgrass on golf courses, athletic fields and other areas using seeded turfgrasses. The grass is useful in overseeding of dormant warm season grasses since its lack of heat tolerance allows for a smooth transition for the warm-season grass. The grass will provide a green cover during the winter months but will die out when the temperatures increases to the point which allow the warm-season grass to grow. In more temperate climates American ryegrass will provide a permanent turf more cold tolerance, with good winter color, and better drought tolerance and persistence than perennial ryegrass.

A mechanically resilient variety of Rushia lineolata is presented, particularly in combination with a conditioned growth medium. In preferred aspects, the variety is clonally selected for a small growth profile and mechanical resiliency to resist damage from foot traffic, and the growth medium includes a porous low-density glass component, an acidic organic absorbent component, and a microbial organic component to enhance the desired properties.

A mechanically resilient variety of Rushia lineolata is presented, particularly in combination with a conditioned growth medium. In preferred aspects, the variety is clonally selected for a small growth profile and mechanical resiliency to resist damage from foot traffic, and the growth medium includes a porous low-density glass component, an acidic organic absorbent component, and a microbial organic component to enhance the desired properties.

A movable lighting apparatus for raising natural lawn grass includes a frame, main support legs supporting the frame, and casters attached to the lower ends of the main support legs. A movable beam is provided such that it can be advanced and retracted relative to the frame in a left-right direction. A stationary beam is fixed to the frame. A sub-support leg is provided at an advancement direction forward end portion of the movable beam so as to support a distal end of the movable beam when the movable beam is advanced. A caster is attached to the lower end of the sub-support leg. LED lamps are attached to the movable beam and the stationary beam. When the movable beam is retracted, the lower end of the caster of the sub-support leg is moved to a position above the lower ends of the casters of the main support legs.

A method for preparing a simulated lawn is provided, which comprises wiredrawing, coiling, weaving and post-processing raw materials, to obtain a simulated lawn product, wherein the weaving is straight yarn-curled yarn-interlacing weaving, in which one line of curled yarn is weaved between two adjacent straight yarns, and spacing between adjacent straight yarns is to inches and knitting needle number is 150 to 350 needles/meter.

An apparatus for applying a desired amount of mechanical abrasion to plants and selective cutting of undesirable plant material. The apparatus includes a base, a brush and an elevation device for maintaining the base at desirable height. The base has a first longitudinal axis and a plurality of grooves, the grooves being oriented approximately perpendicular to the first longitudinal axis. The brush has a second longitudinal axis and a plurality of bristles and/or blades extending outwardly from the second longitudinal axis. The brush is attached to the apparatus such that the second longitudinal axis is substantially parallel to the first longitudinal axis and the brush is rotatable about the second longitudinal axis. The brush is spaced from the base such that the plurality of bristles engage the plurality of grooves. The base is adjustable enabling the operator to move the base closer or further from the rotating brush/blades.