The invention relates to a method for producing a device for material exchange between two mediums, in which at least one mat of semipermeable hollow fibres (3) is wound onto a winding core (2), which has at least one core opening (2a) in its outer surface for a first in- or out-flowing medium, and the winding core (2) is arranged in an axially extending housing (1) having at least one housing opening (1a) for the first in- or out-flowing medium, and the axial end regions of the housing (1) are sealed by an adhesive (4) arranged around the hollow fibres (3), wherein at least one chamber region (5) surrounding the hollow fibres (3) is formed via the adhesion between the axial end regions (1b, 1c) of the housing (1) and between the winding core (2) and the housing (1), through which chamber region the first medium can flow via the core opening (2a) and the housing opening (1a), wherein the axial distance between the core opening (2a) and the housing opening (1a) is adjusted to a desired value of multiple possible values via the axial shifting of the winding core (2) relative to the hollow fibre winding (3) arranged around the winding core (2) and relative to the housing (1), and the hollow fibres (3) are adhered to the side of the housing (1) near to the housing opening (1a) in a region between the axial end surface of the housing and the housing opening (1a), and the hollow fibres (3) are adhered to the side of the housing (1) near to the core opening (2a) in a region between the axial end surface of the housing and the core opening (2a). The invention also relates to a number of multiple devices for material exchange between two mediums, wherein all devices comprise at least identical housings (1) and winding cores (2) that are identical at least in regions.

A separation membrane for removing contaminants comprises: a hydrophobic membrane; and a graphene oxide layer formed to cover the hydrophobic membrane partially or wholly, wherein one surface of the hydrophobic membrane facing the graphene oxide layer has been hydrophilic-processed. The separation membrane is capable of enhancing removal efficiency on volatile contaminants, while maintaining a performance of the conventional separation membrane. The separation membrane is useful as a separation membrane for water treatment. Further, the separation membrane may be comprised in a membrane distillation apparatus, or may be utilized as a filter of a humidifier or a water purifier.

A polyolefin microporous membrane is produced by forming a gel-like molding using a polyolefin resin containing polypropylene, and stretching the molding in at least one direction, followed by washing, the polyolefin microporous membrane having an injection of electrolyte of 20 seconds or less and a uniform polypropylene distribution in at least one plane perpendicular to the thickness direction.

Disclosed is a CO.sub.2 permselective membrane 1 having an amino acid ionic liquid and a porous membrane impregnated with the amino acid ionic liquid, wherein the amino acid ionic liquid contains a certain range of water.

The organic-inorganic composite of the present invention includes an organic compound having a carbonyl group, an inorganic compound containing a metal component, and a silver component. The ratio of the number of metal atoms in the inorganic compound to the number of carbon atoms in the organic compound is from 0.04 to 1.60, and the ratio of the number of silver atoms in the silver component to the number of carbon atoms in the organic compound is from 0.07 to 0.55. The organic-inorganic composite may include, for example, an inorganic compound having a metal matrix structure containing a metal M and oxygen, an organic compound having a carbonyl group, and silver ions. The carbonyl group is bonded to a side chain R.sup.1 of the organic compound and has an end group R.sup.2.

A method for preparing a ceramic fiber filter tube with high air permeability, including: using mullite short fibers as aggregates, adding glass fibers and silica sol as sintering aids, obtaining a ceramic fiber filter tube green body by using a filterer-pressing forming process, and obtaining the ceramic fiber filter tube with high air permeability by freeze-drying and heat treatment in turn. The combination of two sintering aids with different properties can effectively improve the performance of ceramic fiber filter tube prepared by a wet forming technology. At the same time, the freeze-drying treatment can block the migration path of nanoparticles in the silica sol to the surface of the ceramic fiber filter tube due to the capillary force, so that the properties of the prepared ceramic fiber filter tube are more uniform, providing a reference for the preparation of a ceramic fiber membrane with high flux.

Carbon-doped layers and methods of making and using same. In various examples, a carbon-doped layer is porous. In various examples, a carbon-doped layer is a carbon-doped metal oxide and/or metal layer. In various examples, a carbon-doped layer is disposed on at least a portion of substrate. In various examples, a method of making carbon-doped layer(s) comprises contacting a substrate with liquid carbon precursor(s) and optionally, water, and contacting the substrate with liquid precursor(s) and optionally, water with one or more vapor-phase metal and/or metal oxide precursor(s), where the carbon-doped layer(s) is/are formed. In various examples, a method further comprises the carbon-doped layer(s), where porous carbon-doped layer(s) is/are formed. In various examples, a filtration substrate comprises one or more porous carbon-doped layer(s). In various examples, a filtration substrate is used in a separation method or the like. In various examples, the method is an organic solvent nanofiltration (OSN) or the like.