A gas generator including an enhancer chamber provided on a first end of a cylindrical housing and including an igniter therein, a diffuser portion formed with a gas discharge port on a second end, a combustion chamber provided between the diffuser portion and the enhancer chamber, the enhancer chamber being an internal space which is axially sandwiched between the igniter and a cup-shaped partition wall, the internal space accommodating therein an enhancing agent, the cup-shaped partition wall including a peripheral wall provided with a peripheral wall body with a plurality of nozzles and an annular portion expanding outwardly from the peripheral wall body, an outer surface of the annular portion abutting against an inner wall surface of the cylindrical housing, a cylindrical gap being formed between the peripheral wall body and the inner wall surface, the nozzles being disposed to face the cylindrical gap, and the cylindrical gap being devoid of the gas generating agent therein.

A hydride flow reactor includes a tank configured to receive a hydride fuel. The reactor also includes a tubular member coupled to the tank and configured to receive the hydride fuel from the tank. The reactor also includes a transporter positioned at least partially within the tubular member and configured to transport the hydride fuel through the tubular member. The reactor also includes a heater positioned at least partially around the tubular member and the transporter. The heater is configured to heat the hydride fuel in the tubular member to convert the hydride fuel into hydrogen gas and a reacted byproduct.

A hydride flow reactor includes a tank configured to receive a hydride fuel. The reactor also includes a tubular member coupled to the tank and configured to receive the hydride fuel from the tank. The reactor also includes a transporter positioned at least partially within the tubular member and configured to transport the hydride fuel through the tubular member. The reactor also includes a heater positioned at least partially around the tubular member and the transporter. The heater is configured to heat the hydride fuel in the tubular member to convert the hydride fuel into hydrogen gas and a reacted byproduct.

A process apparatus includes a gas supplier which supplies a reaction gas having a constant concentration, and a processor which performs a predetermined process by the reaction gas supplied from the gas supplier, where the gas supplier includes a reactor which accommodates a solid phase reactant, a heater which applies heat to the solid phase reactant to convert the solid phase reactant to a reaction gas in a gas phase, a gas pump which applies a predetermined pumping pressure to the reactor, and a gas outlet which discharges the reaction gas to the processor.

An apparatus for producing hydrogen gas is provided. The apparatus includes a first hopper having a reaction chemical. The reaction chemical includes sodium borohydride (NaBH.sub.4) and a chemical component. The chemical component may be magnesium chloride (MgCl.sub.2). The apparatus also includes a reaction chamber. The reaction chamber has an input for receiving the reaction chemical from the first hopper and an output for removal of hydrogen gas. The apparatus also includes a second hopper for containing spent solid chemical mixture removed or extracted from the reaction chamber.

A method and system for continuous production of contaminant free and size specific biochar using downdraft gasification of variable quality feedstock. The system and process of the present invention includes the transfer of biochar from a gasifier after gasification to a temperature-controlled cooling screw conveyor, into a drum magnet for ferrous metal removal into multiple diverters to separate and remove ungasified materials and non-ferrous metal contaminants, then transferred into a granulator for grinding and screening the biochar to a pre-selected size. By directly attaching a novel and continuous product treatment process to the biochar stream as it exits the gasifier, the particle size, moisture content, carbon content and yield of a contaminant free biochar product can be narrowly controlled and improved to meet strict product quality specifications required by specialty applications.

A hydrogen generator includes a reaction vessel, a water supply, a temperature adjustor, and a controller. The reaction vessel houses a hydrogen generating material having hydrogen generating ability. The hydrogen generating material includes a two-dimensional hydrogen boride sheet having a two-dimensional network and containing multiple negatively charged boron atoms. The controller is configured to execute a hydrogen generating mode to generate hydrogen from the hydrogen generating material and a regenerating mode to recover the hydrogen generating ability of the hydrogen generating material. The controller controls the temperature adjustor to heat the hydrogen generating material at a first predetermined temperature during the hydrogen generating mode. The controller controls the temperature adjustor to adjust the temperature of the hydrogen generating material to a second predetermined temperature and controls the water supply to supply water during the regenerating mode.

A system to generate gases from a liquid or a solid source including a generator, a dual arbitrary generator, a turbine, a thermoelectric generator, a pulse-width modulation device, a suction pump, a radiolytic cell, and magnets. The radiolytic cell includes a body, a first disk, a second disk having a plurality of perforations, and a plurality of radiotrodes. Each radiotrodes includes a large diameter tube, a small diameter tube concentric with the large diameter tube, and metallic wires having an end fixed into an upper section of the large and small diameter tubes and to lower sections of the large and small diameter tubes. The second ends of each one of the metallic wires are connected into the perforations of the corresponding first disk or second disk. The radiotrodes hang up inside the electrolytic cells by the metallic wires producing movement or vibration of the radiotrodes inside the radiolytic cell.

Embodiments described herein generally relate to apparatus having a canister with a sidewall, a top, and a bottom forming a canister volume. An inlet line and an outlet line is coupled to the top and is in fluid communication with the canister volume. A plate disposed within the canister volume forms a headspace volume below the plate. Each of the inlet line and the outlet line is in fluid communication with the headspace volume. The apparatus includes standoffs extending from a lower surface of the plate. The standoffs include a lower surface area substantially parallel with the plate.

Embodiments described herein generally relate to apparatus having a canister with a sidewall, a top, and a bottom forming a canister volume. An inlet line and an outlet line is coupled to the top and is in fluid communication with the canister volume. A plate disposed within the canister volume forms a headspace volume below the plate. Each of the inlet line and the outlet line is in fluid communication with the headspace volume. The apparatus includes standoffs extending from a lower surface of the plate. The standoffs include a lower surface area substantially parallel with the plate.