A processing system and method of producing a particulate material from a liquid mixture are provided. The processing system generally includes a system inlet connected to one or more gas lines to deliver one or more gases into the processing system, one or more power jet modules adapted to jet a liquid mixture into one or more streams of droplets and to force the one or more streams of droplets into the processing system, and a reaction chamber adapted to deliver the one or more streams of droplets in the presence of the one or more gases and process the one or more streams of droplets into the particulate material. The method includes delivering one or more gases into a processing system, jetting the liquid mixture into one or more first droplets streams using one or more power jet modules of the processing system and into the processing system, and reacting the one or more first droplets streams delivered from the processing chamber inside a reaction chamber of the processing system in the presence of the one or more gases into the particulate material at a first temperature.

A processing system and method of producing a particulate material from a liquid mixture are provided. The processing system generally includes a system inlet connected to one or more gas lines to deliver one or more gases into the processing system, one or more power jet modules adapted to jet a liquid mixture into one or more streams of droplets and to force the one or more streams of droplets into the processing system, and a reaction chamber adapted to deliver the one or more streams of droplets in the presence of the one or more gases and process the one or more streams of droplets into the particulate material. The method includes delivering one or more gases into a processing system, jetting the liquid mixture into one or more first droplets streams using one or more power jet modules of the processing system and into the processing system, and reacting the one or more first droplets streams delivered from the processing chamber inside a reaction chamber of the processing system in the presence of the one or more gases into the particulate material at a first temperature.

Methods and systems for producing urea are provided. Ammonia, carbon dioxide, and a carbamate solution can be combined in a pressurized mixer to produce a carbamate reaction mixture. The carbamate reaction mixture can be transferred from the pressurized mixer to a reactor. The carbamate reaction mixture can be heated in the reactor to produce a urea reaction mixture that can include urea, water, ammonia, carbon dioxide, and ammonium carbamate. The urea reaction mixture can be contacted to a membrane to separate an aqueous filtrate and a urea concentrate that can include urea, ammonia, carbon dioxide, and ammonium carbamate. The urea concentrate can be transferred from the reactor to a urea purification system that can include one or more separators and one or more decomposers. The urea concentrate can flow through the urea purification system to produce one or more urea products and one or more carbamate solutions.

The present disclosure provides an apparatus for preparing oligomer including: a reactor; a gas-liquid separator; a solvent transfer line; a second transfer line; a first spray nozzle unit; and a second spray nozzle unit. The apparatus is capable of improving stability of the entire process by including a first spray nozzle unit and a second spray nozzle unit in a reactor and thus preventing by-products containing polymer substances such as C20+ from being entrained with a desired product during a reaction.

The present invention provides a weir quench, an apparatus utilizing the weir quench and processes incorporating the same. The weir quench incorporates an inlet having an inner diameter (Di) and an upper chamber having an inner diameter (Duc), wherein the inlet inner diameter (Di) is at least 90% of the upper chamber inner diameter (Duc). The apparatus constitutes a reactor having an outlet with an inner diameter fluidly coupled with the weir quench inlet, wherein the ratio of the reactor oulet inner diameter (Dr) to the weir quench inlet diameter (Di) is greater than one. The weir quench, and apparatus are advantageously utilized in processes utilizing a limiting reagent.

The present invention provides a weir quench, an apparatus utilizing the weir quench and processes incorporating the same. The weir quench incorporates an inlet having an inner diameter (Di) and an upper chamber having an inner diameter (Duc), wherein the inlet inner diameter (Di) is at least 90% of the upper chamber inner diameter (Duc). The apparatus constitutes a reactor having an outlet with an inner diameter fluidly coupled with the weir quench inlet, wherein the ratio of the reactor oulet inner diameter (Dr) to the weir quench inlet diameter (Di) is greater than one. The weir quench, and apparatus are advantageously utilized in processes utilizing a limiting reagent.

Mixed pentenes may be converted to propylene by feeding an alcohol, linear pentenes, and isopentenes to an etherification reactor. The alcohol and isopentenes may be reacted in the etherification reactor to convert isopentenes to tertiary amyl alkyl ether, which may be separated from the linear pentenes, recovered as a linear pentene fraction. The tertiary amyl alkyl ether may be fed to a decomposition reactor to convert at least a portion of the tertiary amyl alkyl ether to alcohol and isopentenes. The alcohol and isopentenes may then be separated to recover an isopentene fraction and an alcohol fraction. The isopentene fraction is then fed to a skeletal isomerization reactor to convert at least a portion of the isopentenes to linear pentenes, the effluent from which may be recycled to the etherification reactor. Ethylene and the linear pentene fraction may then be fed to a metathesis reactor to produce propylene.

A fluid mixing structure (10) for mixing at least two fluidic components has a flow inlet port and a flow outlet port and comprises a contraction zone (12), an expansion zone (14), and a retention zone (16), arranged in this order in an inflow direction (IFD) of a fluid flow to flow through said fluid mixing structure (10) and being composed of said at least two fluidic components, and a flow splitter (32) arranged In a space (30) formed by said expansion zone (14) and said retention zone (16) to split said fluid flow in a first sub fluid flow and a second sub fluid flow flowing in a first flow path and a second flow path, respectively, formed in the fluid mixing structure, and to mix said first and second sub fluid flows within said space (30) to generate and discharge a homogenized fluid flow, wherein said flow splitter (32) is arranged and configured to let any flow element of each of said first and second sub fluid flows prior to their mixing have a non-zero average flow component in said inflow direction (IFD).

A fluid mixing structure (10) for mixing at least two fluidic components has a flow inlet port and a flow outlet port and comprises a contraction zone (12), an expansion zone (14), and a retention zone (16), arranged in this order in an inflow direction (IFD) of a fluid flow to flow through said fluid mixing structure (10) and being composed of said at least two fluidic components, and a flow splitter (32) arranged In a space (30) formed by said expansion zone (14) and said retention zone (16) to split said fluid flow in a first sub fluid flow and a second sub fluid flow flowing in a first flow path and a second flow path, respectively, formed in the fluid mixing structure, and to mix said first and second sub fluid flows within said space (30) to generate and discharge a homogenized fluid flow, wherein said flow splitter (32) is arranged and configured to let any flow element of each of said first and second sub fluid flows prior to their mixing have a non-zero average flow component in said inflow direction (IFD).

A catalytic membrane composite that includes porous supported catalyst particles durably enmeshed in a porous fibrillated polymer membrane is provided. The porous fibrillated polymer membrane may be manipulated to take the form of a tube, disc, or diced tape and used in multiphase reaction systems. The supported catalyst particles are composed of at least one finely divided metal catalyst dispersed on a porous support substrate. High catalytic activity is gained by the effective fine dispersion of the finely divided metal catalyst such that the metal catalyst covers the support substrate and/or is interspersed in the pores of the support substrate. In some embodiments, the catalytic membrane composite may be introduced to a stirred tank autoclave reactor system, a continuous flow reactor system, or a Parr Shaker reaction system and used to effect the catalytic reaction.