Provided are a method of producing high-purity molybdenum hexafluoride in good yield and a reaction apparatus therefor.

The method of producing molybdenum hexafluoride, in a production apparatus for molybdenum hexafluoride including a fixed bed that is for mounting metallic molybdenum and that extends inside a reactor from an upstream side to a downstream side of the reactor, a fluorine (F.sub.2) gas inlet provided on the upstream side of the reactor, and a reaction product gas outlet provided on the downstream side of the reactor, comprises bringing metallic molybdenum into contact with fluorine (F.sub.2) gas, where the fixed bed for mounting metallic molybdenum is tilted.

The present invention relates to a reactor for non-oxidative direct conversion of methane and a method of manufacturing ethylene and an aromatic compound using the same. More particularly, the present invention relates to a reactor for non-oxidative direct conversion of methane in which a catalytic reaction velocity is maximized, the production of coke is minimized, and a high conversion rate of methane and a high yield of ethylene and an aromatic compound are ensured when ethylene and the aromatic compound are manufactured from methane, and a method of manufacturing ethylene and an aromatic compound using the same.

The invention includes apparatus and methods for instantiating and quantum printing materials, such as elemental metals, in a nanoporous carbon powder.

A process of dissociating ammonia into a dissociated hydrogen/nitrogen stream in catalyst tubes within a radiant tube furnace and an adiabatic or isothermal unit containing catalyst, along with downstream purification process units to purify the dissociated hydrogen/nitrogen stream into high purity hydrogen product.

A simple approach to produce mixed Cu/Cu.sub.2O nanocrystals having a specific morphology by controlling the reaction temperature during Cu/Cu.sub.2O nanocrystals synthesis. Other variables are kept constant, such as the amount of reactants, while the reaction temperatures is maintained at a predetermined temperature of 70 C., 30 C. or 0 C., which are used to produce different and controlled morphologies for the Cu/Cu.sub.2O nanocrystals. The reaction mixture includes a copper ion contributor, a capping agent, a pH adjustor, and reducing agent. The reaction mixture is held at the predetermined temperature for three hours to produce the Cu/Cu.sub.2O nanocrystals. The synthesis method has advantages such as mass production, easy operation, and high reproducibility.

The present disclosure provides a gas injection system that can include a housing configured to hold a plurality of precursor cartridges comprising one or more precursor materials, and a nozzle extending from the housing, the nozzle having a tip configured for insertion into a sample chamber of a material processing apparatus. The precursor cartridges are fluidly connected to the nozzle to selectively deliver one or more precursor gasses to the sample chamber.

A reforming reactor for an endothermic process including a plurality of reformer tubes allowing a flow of hydrocarbons and at least one further fluid inside the tubes is provided. Wherein the reformer tubes contain in their interior a catalyst for the conversion of the hydrocarbons and the at least one further fluid to synthesis gas, and a means for heating the reformer tubes. Wherein at least a portion of the plurality of reformer tubes is provided with one or more elements for enlarging the outer surface area of a reformer tube, and the catalyst includes a structured catalyst. Also an endothermic process for the production of synthesis gas, including allowing a flow of hydrocarbons and at least one further fluid inside a plurality of reformer tubes, and heating the plurality of reformer tubes to convert said hydrocarbons and the at least one further fluid to synthesis gas.

A system for production of hydrogen includes a steam methane reformer (SMR) including an outer tube, wherein a first end of the outer tube is closed; and an inner tube disposed in the outer tube, wherein a first end of the inner tube is open. An SMR flow channel is defined within the inner tube and an annular space is defined between the outer tube and the inner tube. The flow channel is in fluid communication with the annular space. The SMR includes a foam disposed in the annular space. The system includes a water gas shift reactor comprising a reaction tube, wherein a reaction channel is defined within the reaction tube, and wherein the reaction channel is in fluid communication with the SMR flow channel; a heat transfer material disposed in the reaction channel; and a catalyst disposed in the reaction channel.

A system for production of hydrogen includes a steam methane reformer (SMR) including an outer tube, wherein a first end of the outer tube is closed; and an inner tube disposed in the outer tube, wherein a first end of the inner tube is open. An SMR flow channel is defined within the inner tube and an annular space is defined between the outer tube and the inner tube. The flow channel is in fluid communication with the annular space. The SMR includes a foam disposed in the annular space. The system includes a water gas shift reactor comprising a reaction tube, wherein a reaction channel is defined within the reaction tube, and wherein the reaction channel is in fluid communication with the SMR flow channel; a heat transfer material disposed in the reaction channel; and a catalyst disposed in the reaction channel.

The invention includes apparatus and methods for instantiating and quantum printing materials, such as elemental metals, in a nanoporous carbon powder.