Process for manufacturing a hydrogen-containing synthesis gas from a natural gas feedstock, comprising the conversion of said natural gas into a raw product gas and purification of said product gas, the process having a heat input provided by combustion of a fuel; said process comprises a step of conversion of a carbonaceous feedstock, and at least a portion of said fuel is a gaseous fuel obtained by said step of conversion of said carbonaceous feedstock, and the Wobbe Index of said fuel is increased by a step of carbon dioxide removal or methanation.

A method of producing liquid fuel and/or chemicals from a carbonaceous material entails combusting a conditioned syngas in pulse combustion heat exchangers of a steam reformer to help convert carbonaceous material into first reactor product gas which includes carbon monoxide, hydrogen, carbon dioxide and other gases. A portion of the first reactor product gas is transferred to a hydrogen reformer into which additional conditioned syngas is added and a reaction carried out to produce an improved syngas. The improved syngas is then subject to one or more gas clean-up steps to form a new conditioned syngas. A portion of the new conditioned syngas is recycled to be used as the conditioned syngas in the pulse combustion heat exchangers and in the hydrocarbon reformer. A system for carrying out the method include, a steam reformer, a hydrocarbon reformer, first and second gas-cleanup systems, a synthesis system and an upgrading system.

A method for preparing L-carnitine using a micro-reaction system. (R)-4-halo-3-hydroxybutyrate was subjected to quaternization and hydrolysis in an aqueous trimethylamine solution in the presence of an inorganic base in a micro-channel reactor to produce the L-carnitine.

The invention relates to a process for the combined production of hydrogen and carbon dioxide from a hydrocarbon mixture, in which the residual gas of a PSA H.sub.2 (12) is separated by permeation in order to reduce the hydrocarbon content thereof and the hydrocarbon-purified gas is separated at a low temperature to produce a carbon dioxide-rich liquid (22).

Gastrointestinal tract simulation system and compartment therefor. The compartment comprising a vessel having an open top surrounded by a peripheral edge portion and an air-tight lid system configured to be placed onto the peripheral edge portion. The lid system comprises a body with a plurality of passageways extending through the body and providing access to the interior of the vessel, the plurality of passageways comprising passageways for fluid transfer tubes and passageways for mounting at least one sensor component. The lid system is provided with releasable sealing elements for sealing the plurality of passageways and at least one pressing element which is common to at least a number of the sealing elements and configured for applying pressure to each of the respective sealing elements to effect the sealing of the respective passageways.

A micro-reaction system and a method for preparing 2-methyl-4-amino-5-aminomethyl pyrimidine. A Raney nickel catalyst is modified with formalin, and the modified Raney nickel catalyst is filled into a micro-channel reactor of the micro-reaction system. A substrate solution containing 2-methyl-4-amino-5-cyanopyrimidine and a base and hydrogen are transported to the micro-mixer and the micro-channel reactor in sequence for continuous catalytic hydrogenation to obtain 2-methyl-4-amino-5-aminomethyl pyrimidine.

A full continuous flow preparation method of 2-methyl-4-amino-5-aminomethylpyrimidine. A mixed solution of cyanoacetamide, N,N-dimethylformamide and a catalyst is mixed with phosphorus oxychloride in a first micro-mixer, and then the reaction mixture undergoes continuous flow reaction in a microchannel reactor to obtain (dimethylaminomethylene) malononitrile. The reaction mixture is subjected to continuous quenching, extraction and separation, and the organic phase is concentrated, mixed with a methanol solution, and then reacted with an organic base to obtain 2-methyl-4-amino-5-cyanopyrimidine. After the mixed liquid is continuously filtered, the filter cake is dissolved in methanol, mixed with hydrogen in a second micro-mixer, and then transported to a fixed-bed reactor for hydrogenation reaction. The products are concentrated, dried and purified to obtain the desired 2-methyl-4-amino-5-aminomethylpyrimidine.

Disclosed herein relates to pharmaceutical engineering, and more particularly to a micro reaction system and a method for preparing 2-methyl-4-amino-5-cyanopyrimidine using the same. An acetamidine hydrochloride solution and an (dimethylaminomethylene)malononitrile solution are separately pumped into the micro reaction system including a micromixer and an agitating microchannel reactor in communication at the same time for a continuous condensation-cyclization reaction to obtain 2-methyl-4-amino-5-cyanopyrimidine.

The present invention relates to a gas/liquid oligomerization reactor with successive zones of variable diameter. The invention also relates to a process for the oligomerization of ethylene using a gas/liquid oligomerization reactor with successive zones of variable diameter.

A flow reactor can promote a reaction under appropriate temperature management, can precent reaction fluid or generated gas from being trapped in a heat transmission part, can be disassembled for easy cleaning, and to which a coating or lining can be applied. This flow reactor is provided with two flow paths, a reaction flow path and a second flow path, in a space formed between an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder that are concentric. A spiral heat transmission body is disposed between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder, and the spiral heat transmission body has a substantially triangular cross-sectional shape in an axial cross-sectional view. The spiral heat transmission body partitions the space into the reaction flow path and the second flow path, and heat is exchanged via the spiral heat transmission body between a reaction fluid F1 flowing through the reaction flow path and a heat medium F2 flowing through the second flow path.