Dry solids of anionically modified cellulose nanofibers with good redispersion are provided by incorporating 5 to 300% by mass of a water-soluble polymer relative to the anionically modified cellulose nanofibers during the preparation of the dry solids of anionically modified cellulose nanofibers.

A liquid-mixing apparatus used in a liquid-mixing method comprises a plurality of supply valves provided to a cylinder. The supply valves make it possible to individually supply a plurality of types of liquids into a retention chamber. Each of the supply valves is configured so as to be switchable between an open state, in which the interior of a supply channel via which a liquid is supplied and the interior of the retention chamber intercommunicate, and a closed state, in which communication between the supply channel and the retention chamber is blocked. A piston moves in the direction in which the volume of the retention chamber increases while at least one of the supply valves is in the open state, whereby a liquid is drawn into the storage chamber.

One variation of a method for fabricating a dermal heatsink includes: fabricating a substrate defining an interior surface, an exterior surface opposite the interior surface, and an open network of pores extending between the interior surface and the exterior surface; activating surfaces of the substrate and walls of the open network of pores; applying a coating over the substrate to form a heatsink, the coating comprising a porous, hydrophilic material and defining a void network; removing an excess of the coating from the substrate to clear blockages within the open network of pores by the coating; hydrating the heatsink during a curing period; heating the heatsink during the curing period to increase porosity of the coating applied over surfaces of the substrate; and rinsing the heatsink with an acid to decarbonate the coating along walls of the open network of pores in the substrate.

A printing system 10 configured to generate a product of printing includes: a coater 14 that is a pretreatment machine configured to execute a pretreatment process of performing a predetermined pretreatment on a medium that is a target of the printing; a printer 16 that is a printing device configured to execute a print process of performing the printing by ejecting ink onto the medium after the pretreatment performed by the coater 14; and a controller 12 that is a process management device configured to propose a condition for the pretreatment process based on a condition for the product to be generated.

A method for manufacturing secondary batteries, forming a positive electrode for lithium-ion batteries, it was necessary to select polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) or the like as a binder due to the problems of heat resistance or chemical resistance when using a liquid electrolyte such as an organic solvent. Solvents which can dissolve such a resin are limited to normal methylpyrrolidone (NMP) and the like, have a high boiling point, and require a long, high-temperature oven.

By mixing a slurry with a low boiling point solvent, and applying the resultant mixture to a heated object, a parent solvent evaporates due to the azeotropic effect of the low boiling point solvent, and spraying, especially pulsed spraying can evaporate at least 90% of the parent solvent on the object within 5 seconds even when the temperature of the object is 100° C. lower, preferably at least 50° C. lower than that of the parent solvent. Therefore, a drying device has a very small total length, thus by lamination in the form of a thin film, the positive electrode can be easily made into a thick film thickness.

A hybrid halide perovskite film and methods of forming a hybrid halide perovskite film on a substrate are described. The film is formed on the substrate by depositing an organic solution on a substrate, heating the substrate and the organic solution to form an organic layer on the substrate, depositing an inorganic layer on the organic layer, and heating the substrate having the inorganic layer thereon to form a hybrid halide perovskite film. In some embodiments, the hybrid halide perovskite film comprises a CH[NH.sub.2].sub.2.sup.+MX.sub.3 compound, where M is selected from the group consisting of Sn, Pb, Bi, Mg and Mn, and where X is selected from the group consisting of I, Br and Cl. In other embodiments, the hybrid halide perovskite film comprises a FAMX.sub.3 compound. Methods of forming a piezoelectric device are also disclosed.

An implantable medical device includes a polymer substrate and at least one nanofiber. The polymer substrate includes a surface portion extending into the polymer substrate from a surface of the substrate. The at least one nanofiber includes a first portion and a second portion. The first portion is interpenetrated with the surface portion of the substrate, and mechanically fixed to the substrate. The second portion projects from the surface of the substrate.

The present invention relates to the field of optical effect layers (OEL) including magnetically oriented non-spherical oblate magnetic or magnetizable pigment particles on a substrate, spinneable magnetic assemblies and processes for producing optical effect layers (OEL). In particular, the present invention relates to spinneable magnetic assemblies and processes for producing OELs as anti-counterfeit means on security documents or security articles or for decorative purposes.

A method of forming a coating on a food or beverage container, which includes spraying a coating composition onto an interior surface of the food or beverage container, where the coating composition includes a latex copolymer and a metal drier or crosslinking agent. The latex copolymer is a reaction product of monomers that include (a) one or more styrene-mimicking monomers containing one or more cyclic groups and one or more ethylenically-unsaturated groups, at least a portion of such styrene-mimicking monomers being polycyclic monomers containing ring unsaturation, and (b) one or more other ethylenically-unsaturated monomers. Preferably, the coating composition is substantially free of each of BPA, PVC, other halogenated monomers, and optionally styrene. The method may also include curing the sprayed coating composition, thereby providing the coating on the interior surface of the food or beverage container.

In one embodiment, the present application discloses a photo-cleavable surface binding compound of the Formula I and Formula II:

##STR00001##

wherein the variables EG, EG1, SP1, SP2, SP3, Ar and BG are as defined herein. In another embodiment, the application discloses a method for forming a coating on a surface of a substrate using the surface binding compound.