Shelf-stable low temperature cure coating compositions that include a hydroxy-functional resin, a crosslinking agent, and a catalyst that does not catalyze the crosslinking reaction between hydroxy-functional resin and the crosslinking agent contained therein, but instead between a hydroxy-functional resin and a crosslinking agent contained in a different low temperature cure coating composition. In addition, low temperature cure composite coatings that include: a waterborne basecoat containing a first hydroxy-functional resin, a first crosslinking agent, a first catalyst, and an organic solvent; and a solventborne topcoat containing a second hydroxy-functional resin, a second crosslinking agent, a second catalyst, and water, where the first catalyst migrates into the topcoat from the basecoat and catalyzes the reaction between the second hydroxy-functional resin and crosslinking agent, and the second catalyst migrates into the basecoat from the topcoat and catalyzes the reaction between the first hydroxy-functional resin and crosslinking agent.

Provided is a coating composition containing: a hydroxyl group-containing resin (A), a curing agent (B), and cellulose nanocrystal particles (C), where a viscosity (V.sub.1) measured under conditions of a temperature of 25 C. and a shear rate of 1500 sec.sup.1 is in a range from 10 to 70 mPa.Math.s, and a viscosity (V.sub.2) measured under conditions of a temperature of 25 C. and a shear rate of 0.1 sec.sup.1 is in a range from 10000 to 50000 mPa.Math.s.

Shelf-stable low temperature cure coating compositions that include a hydroxy-functional resin, a crosslinking agent, and a catalyst that does not catalyze the crosslinking reaction between hydroxy-functional resin and the crosslinking agent contained therein, but instead between a hydroxy-functional resin and a crosslinking agent contained in a different low temperature cure coating composition. In addition, low temperature cure composite coatings that include: a waterborne basecoat containing a first hydroxy-functional resin, a first crosslinking agent, a first catalyst, and an organic solvent; and a solventborne topcoat containing a second hydroxy-functional resin, a second crosslinking agent, a second catalyst, and water, where the first catalyst migrates into the topcoat from the basecoat and catalyzes the reaction between the second hydroxy-functional resin and crosslinking agent, and the second catalyst migrates into the basecoat from the topcoat and catalyzes the reaction between the first hydroxy-functional resin and crosslinking agent.

A method for painting a body of a vehicle with a multi-tone paint scheme. The method includes: applying a first paint of a first color to the body; oven-curing the first paint; applying a second paint of a second color to the body, the second paint configured to be cured by ultraviolet light, the second color is different from the first color, and curing the second paint by exposing the second paint to ultraviolet light.

Described herein is a polyester-polyurethane-poly(meth)acrylic hybrid dispersion obtainable by esterifying at least one polyurethane containing carboxyl groups, the at least one polyurethane having an acid number of more than 200 mg KOH/g to 400 mg KOH/g and at least one or more terminal carboxyl groups; with at least one polyester containing hydroxyl groups, the polyester having a hydroxyl number of 50 mg KOH/g to 300 mg KOH/g, to obtain a polyester-polyurethane; followed by polymerizing ethylenically unsaturated monomers at least including (meth)acrylic monomers by radical polymerization in the presence of the polyester-polyurethane where one or more solvents are present and/or employed, thereby obtaining the polyester-polyurethane-poly(meth)acrylic hybrid dispersion.

A resin composition includes a polymer resin, a fluoride resin, and a radical polymerization initiator, where the polymer resin includes at least one selected from an epoxy siloxane-based compound, a (meth)acrylate monomer, and a tetrahydrofurfuryl acrylic acid.

The invention relates to natural, depolymerized, powdered polymers and mixtures thereof and aqueous solutions prepared therefrom for the production of a barrier coating on paper, cardboard, or moulded pulp. The barrier coating is used to reduce the diffusion of oxygen, mineral and food oils, and fatty substances through the paper, cardboard or moulded pulp. A 2 wt. % of the aqueous solutions has a viscosity in a range of from 1 to 100 mPa.Math.s as measured with a rotational viscometer at room temperature and 20 rotations per minute. The natural, depolymerized, powdered polymers are selected from a group of guar gum, tara gum, sesbania gum, locust bean gum, alginates, or carrageenans such that the barrier coating is free from halogenated polymers.

The present invention provides a multi-layer coating system comprising: (a) a first coating layer formed from a first coating composition; and (b) a second coating layer applied directly over at least a portion of the first coating layer and formed from a second coating composition. The present invention further provides a substrate coated with the multi-layer coating system.

Provided are a coating composition including: (A) a hydroxy group-containing resin; (B) a polyisocyanate compound; (C) an organometallic catalyst formed of a zinc compound and an amidine compound; and (D) a phosphate group-containing compound, and a coating film forming method including: coating a top of a material to be coated with the above-mentioned coating composition to form a coating film; and then heating the coating film to cure the coating film.

The present invention provides a multi-layer coating system comprising: (a) a first coating layer formed from a first coating composition; and (b) a second coating layer applied directly over at least a portion of the first coating layer and formed from a second coating composition. The present invention further provides a substrate coated with the multi-layer coating system.