One or more aspects of the present disclosure provide articles of manufacture and components of articles that incorporate an optical element that imparts structural color to the component or the article. The component comprises a cured or curable material, and can include or be made to have a textured surface.

A process is provided for treating wood products including lumber, plywood and other engineered wood products comprising the steps of applying an aqueous fire-retardant impregnate and applying a coating to the surface of the wood product. In one embodiment, said process confers fire-retardant properties to the wood products sufficient to pass the extended burn test of ASTM E-84. The present invention also provides fire retardant wood products.

A photocurable composition for a nail or artificial nail which can form a cured product exhibiting excellent durability (adhesion maintainability to nails). In addition, the present invention provides a photocurable composition for a nail or artificial nail which emits a weaker odor, generates less heat at the time of curing, and can form a cured product exhibiting excellent surface curability. In addition, the present invention provides a photocurable composition for nail or artificial nail which can form a cured product having an excellent shear adhesive force. The photocurable composition for nail or artificial nail according to the present invention contains the following components (A) to (D): component (A): a urethane-modified (meth)acrylic oligomer; component (B): a (meth)acrylamide monomer; component (C): a (meth)acrylic monomer having an acidic group; and component (D): a photoinitiator.

A graded-index optical element may include a nanovoided material including a first surface and a second surface opposite the first surface. The nanovoided material may be transparent between the first surface and the second surface. Additionally, the nanovoided material may have a predefined change in effective refractive index in at least one axis due to a change in at least one of nanovoid size or nanovoid distribution along the at least one axis. Various other elements, devices, systems, materials, and methods are also disclosed.

A coating composition for pattern inversion that fills a gap in an organic underlayer film pattern formed on a substrate to be processed by transferring a resist pattern to an underlayer and forms a flat polysiloxane film, the coating composition including a polysiloxane obtained by a reaction of an alcohol with a silanol group in a hydrolysis-condensate of a hydrolysable silane having a hydrolysable silane containing in the molecule four hydrolysable groups, in a ratio of 50% by mole to 100% by mole relative to the total amount of silanes. The hydrolysable silane is represented by Formula (1):

R.sup.1.sub.aSi(R.sup.2).sub.4-aFormula (1)

and contains 50% by mole to 100% by mole of a hydrolysable silane in which a is 0 and 0% by mole to 50% by mole of a hydrolysable silane in which a is 1 or 2. The alcohol is propylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol monoethyl ether, or 3-methoxybutanol.

A method of coating the inside wall of a capillary with a polymeric material for capillary electrophoresis is disclosed. The method can include introducing a catalyst-free solution of a monomer and initiator, wherein the monomer is present in about 1-10% (w/v) and the initiator is present in 0.1-1% (w/v), into a capillary and thermally initiating polymerization of the monomer thereby providing a capillary comprising an internal polymeric coating for separating, identifying, and quantifying components of an analyte.

Components of articles that include an optical element that imparts structural color to the component are provided. Methods of making the components including the optical element, and methods of using the components such as to make an article of manufacture are provided.

An apparatus for heating powder particles, contains a radiation source (1), a housing (2) and a screen (4). The radiation source (1) has its maximum radiative power in the wavelength range of 0.78-2.5 m. The screen (4) has an absorbance of at least 0.8 in the wavelength range of 0.78-2.5 m.

Disclosed herein is a polymer blend including a) from >50 wt. % to 99 wt. % of at least one aliphatic copolyamide as component A); and b) from 1 wt. % to <50 wt. % of at least one semicrystalline, semiaromatic or aromatic polyamide as component B), where the total of wt. % of components A) and B) is 100 wt. %. Further disclosed herein is a thermoplastic molding composition including said polymer blend and at least one additional substance C), processes for preparing said polymer blend and said thermoplastic molding composition, a method of using said polymer blend and said thermoplastic molding composition for the production of molded and extruded parts, and molded and extruded parts produced from said polymer blend or said thermoplastic molding composition.

A composition for forming a conductive film contains flat metal particles and a resin. The flat metal particles each have a metal oxide layer in the surface portion thereof. The flat metal particles have a ratio of the thickness of the metal oxide layer to the thickness of the flat metal particle of from 0.010 to 0.300. The thickness of the metal oxide layer is from 0.010 ?m to 2.000 ?m. In the method for manufacturing a conductive film, a composition for forming a conductive film is used, the composition containing flat metal particles and a resin. The composition for forming a conductive film is applied to a base material to form a coating film, and then the coating film is irradiated with light to sinter the coating film, thereby obtaining a conductive film. The flat metal particles each have a metal oxide layer in the surface portion thereof.