Technologies are presented for reducing corrosion M supercritical water gasification through seeded sacrificial metal particles. The metal panicles may be seeded into one or more material input streams through high pressure injection. Once distributed in the SCWG reactor, the metal particles may corrode preferentially to the metal SCWG reactor walls and convert into metal oxides that precipitate out above the supercritical point of water. The precipitated metal oxides may then be collected downstream of the SCWG reactor to be reprocessed back into seed metal at a smelter. The seeded metal particles may complete a process material cycle with limited net additional waste.

A liquid residue on a bottom surface of a substrate can be reduced while placing the substrate accurately. A liquid processing apparatus includes an inclined portion, a plurality of supporting members, a processing liquid supply unit and a rotation unit. The inclined portion is provided under the substrate, and has an inclined surface which is inclined downwards from an outer side of the substrate toward an inner side thereof and is extended along a circumferential direction of the substrate. The supporting members are protruded from the inclined surface and configured to support the substrate from below. The processing liquid supply unit is configured to supply a processing liquid onto a top surface of the substrate. The rotation unit is configured to rotate the inclined portion. Further, each of the supporting members has a long narrow shape extended from the outer side of the substrate toward the inner side thereof.

An electro-anti deposit device is coupled to an irrigation pipe for removing mineral deposit from drippers of the pipe. The electro-anti deposit device includes an engine configured to move the electro-anti deposit device along the pipe. The electro-anti deposit device also includes a mineral deposit removal module. The mineral deposit removal module includes a water container, a battery, and two electrodes. The water container may be configured to create an ionic environment at a dripper. The dripper may be covered with the mineral deposit. The battery may be configured to generate electric current. The two electrodes may be connected to two poles of the battery with a space separating tips of the two electrodes.

A liquid processing apparatus performs a liquid processing on a rotating substrate by supplying a processing liquid. Surrounding members surround a region including an upper space of a cup body surrounding the rotating substrate and provided with an opening above the substrate. An air flow forming portion forms a descending air flow from an upper side of the cup body. A bottom surface portion blocks between the cup body and the surrounding member along a circumferential direction. An exhaust port is provided above the bottom surface portion and outside the cup body to exhaust an atmosphere in a region surrounded by the surrounding members and the bottom surface portion.

A liquid processing apparatus performs a liquid processing on a rotating substrate by supplying a processing liquid. Surrounding members surround a region including an upper space of a cup body surrounding the rotating substrate and provided with an opening above the substrate. An air flow forming portion forms a descending air flow from an upper side of the cup body. A bottom surface portion blocks between the cup body and the surrounding member along a circumferential direction. An exhaust port is provided above the bottom surface portion and outside the cup body to exhaust an atmosphere in a region surrounded by the surrounding members and the bottom surface portion.

The present invention relates to the field of technology for preventing the bio-fouling of floating equipment in marine environments and other structures, and particularly the use of electronic devices that assist in the cleaning process. It comprises the steps of: Step 1) Identification; Sub-step 1a) Location; Sub-step 1b) Sizing; Step 2) Cleaning; Step 3) Measuring; Step 4) Partitioning; Step 5) Coupling; Step 6) Inspection; and Step 7) Resizing. By means of the aforementioned steps, the method disclosed in the present invention makes it possible to create electric fields that create environmental disturbances capable of inhibiting fouling by sessile organisms within parcels of sea water in dynamic and/or static conditions, on vessels, oil exploration platforms, jetties, etc.

The invention relates to an apparatus for the binding of dust, comprising a binder reservoir, which provides liquid binder which is under pressure, a binder line which is connected to the binder reservoir, wherein there is connected to the binder line at least one spray nozzle which may be located in the vicinity of a dust source. The apparatus is in particular so designed that large areas, which may extend over distances of several 100 m, may be supplied with binder, which may also be discharged, with these dimensions, in pulses at short intervals (1 second up to a few minutes).

This invention relates to a method, process and apparatus for disinfecting and sterilizing all types of surfaces contaminated with microorganisms and toxic substances to render both inactive. Furthermore, this invention relates to both a method and apparatus for disinfecting and/or sterilizing breathable air and then using this air to protect a confined space from external contamination. The apparatus consists of a new ultra-violet (NUV) source that is more effective than mercury based 254 nm light for destroying DNA of virus, bacteria, spores and cists. It is most effective in breaking chemical bonds in toxic gases and Biotoxins that are useful to terrorists. It is combined with other apparatus that remove particulates and byproducts sometimes produced by the NUV source and maintains positive pressure of the confined space so as to prevent the influx of air from outside the protected zone.

This invention relates to a method, process and apparatus for disinfecting and sterilizing all types of surfaces contaminated with microorganisms and toxic substances to render both inactive. Furthermore, this invention relates to both a method and apparatus for disinfecting and/or sterilizing breathable air and then using this air to protect a confined space from external contamination. The apparatus consists of a new ultra-violet (NUV) source that is more effective than mercury based 254 nm light for destroying DNA of virus, bacteria, spores and cists. It is most effective in breaking chemical bonds in toxic gases and Biotoxins that are useful to terrorists. It is combined with other apparatus that remove particulates and byproducts sometimes produced by the NUV source and maintains positive pressure of the confined space so as to prevent the influx of air from outside the protected zone.

Embodiments of the present disclosure address problems presented by contaminants, such as dirt and debris, by providing an optical apparatus with techniques and methodologies for self-cleaning. In that regard, embodiments of the present disclosure employ techniques and methodologies for maintaining a very thin (e.g., few microns thick) layer of liquid, such as a non-stick liquid, on an optical window of an optical body that shields or protects an optical device.