Systems and methods for treating contaminated soil and groundwater are contemplated. An aqueous slurry may be formulated from particles of solid-phase organic materials having particle sizes between 0.1 and 100 microns, which serve as organic electron donors which may biodegrade subsurface contaminants. The aqueous slurry is injected into an environmental subsurface at a pressure lower than the fracture pressure of the subsurface, which will result in a more uniform distribution of the slurry throughout the subsurface, rather than concentrated deposition of the solid-phase organic materials at points along the fractures, and will also tend to reduce disruption of the architecture of the soil matrix, increasing the utility of the remediated soil and preventing an increase in the rates of generation and efflux of methane and nitrous oxide from the soil to the atmosphere.

Methods are provided for the removal of sulfur and other ARD/AMD-generating materials through the smoldering combustion of an organic material. The methods comprise admixing an ARD/AMD-generating porous matrix material with an organic material to produce a mixture, exposing the mixture to an oxidant, and initiating a self-sustaining smoldering combustion of the mixture. Additional embodiments aggregate the organic material or ARD/AMD-generating porous matrix material or mixture thereof in an impoundment such as a reaction vessel, depression or matrix pile. Further embodiments utilize at least one heater to initiate combustion and at least one air supply port to supply oxidant to initiate and maintain combustion.

A system for intercepting, treating and venting vapors from contaminated soil in the vadose zone and from contaminated groundwater includes a large borehole and at least one small borehole each having an open top end, a porous liner against the outer wall and porous fill material inside the liner. The fill material can include materials to retard and degrade contaminants in the vapors. The large and small boreholes can have impermeable sections in the liner, and impermeable ground cover around the top ends. The large borehole can also include a slotted aeration tube in the borehole and vegetation planted in the open end of the borehole. A method for intercepting, treating and venting of vapors from contaminated soil in the vadose zone and contaminated groundwater includes the system and pulling vapors out the top end of the large borehole with variations in atmospheric barometric pressure.

The present invention provides a method for groundwater remediation using sustained-release persulfate tablets, which is to synthesize the persulfate and cellulose with specific ratio to form a remediated tablet, and the manufacturing process is operated under the specific pressure. In the composition of the tablet, the persulfate is used as an oxidant while the cellulose is used as a coating agent. The compound of the tablet is coated with the cellulose to slow the releasing rate of the compound and improve the releasing time of the persulfate in the water.

A closed-loop system and method for heating of target contaminant treatment zones (150) having environmental contaminants of concern present in the groundwater and the soil by thermal conduction, and subsequent enhancement of physical, biological and chemical processes to attenuate, remove and degrade contaminants in the target contaminant treatment zones, is disclosed. The system and method collects solar or other heat and transfers that heat via a closed-loop and a set of borehole exchangers (120) to subsurface soil in the proximity of and/or directly to the target contaminant treatment zones. The target contaminant treatment zone may comprise contaminated soil, contaminated groundwater in an aquifer, or industrial waste comprising water and/or solids. Solar collectors or heat exchangers capturing waste heat from industrial processes may be used as the heat source (110).

Disclosed is a method for introducing a liquid, preferably aqueous, into a volume of a porous medium (typically clay or clay-rich soil), which has a matrix hydraulic conductivity below 10.sup.−7 m/s, comprising establishing at least one frozen section and at least one non-frozen section of said volume and introducing said liquid into said non-frozen section. Also disclosed is a method for remediation of a volume of such a porous medium as well as a system/assembly suitable for carrying out said method.

Apparatus and method are provided for remediating trichloroethylene-polluting soils by integrated rotated migration and PRB. The apparatus includes a device of electrokinetic remediation, a PRB and a device of injection of surface active agents. The main components of the device of electrokinetic remediation and PRB include cathode, anode, electrode chamber and PRB. A liquid injection pipe is installed between various electrodes and PRBs. The operation of each device is controlled by each control system. The disclosure integrated rotated migration and PRB for remediating contaminants. Surface active agents is helpful for dispersing TCE from soil. The arrangement of the electrode and the PRB greatly shortens distances and time of pollutant migration, which accelerate the speed of remediation and reduce post-processing procedures. In the process of treatment, the three technical methods promote each other, and have the advantages of good repair effect, short time, no secondary pollution and easy operation.

Compositions and methods for in situ ground water remediation. The compositions comprise a colloidal biomatrix comprised of sorbent particles, such as zeolites, organoclays and activated carbon, dispersed in aqueous solution that are injectable into the permeable zones of an aquifer to be treated. Once deposited into the permeable zones of the aquifer, the groundwater concentrations of contaminants in those zones are depleted, thus increasing the rate of diffusion of contaminants of the less permeable zones. The compositions and methods of the present invention can be used to treat any organic contaminants and provide rapid remediation of contaminated ground water by adsorption and biodegradation of such contaminants.

The present disclosure provides aromatic-cationic peptide compositions and methods of using the same. The methods comprise use of the peptides in electron transport and electrical conductance.

An injection tip assembly 10 and methods for use more reliably provide for delivery of fluid substances, such as materials that promote removal, destruction, or isolation of contaminants, into targeted zones within soil or bedrock. The injection tip assembly 10 permits the application of pressurized fluid 163 so as to erode or cut a desired cavity or eroded volume 164 within the subsurface 14, allows for timely observation, adjustment, and control of pressure within the cavity, and directs the delivery of a second substance or fluid that may incorporate desired materials. The consequence of managed erosion and pressure control is to nucleate and propagate a hydraulic fracture of desirable form that optimally delivers remedial agents throughout the targeted formation.