A technique for optimizing metal extrusion process parameters includes receiving values representing properties of an extrusion press machine, and calculating an estimated surface exit temperature of a metal work product resulting from an extrusion of a metal billet using the extrusion press machine based on the machine property values, an initial temperature of the metal billet prior to the extrusion, an extrusion force applied to the metal billet during the extrusion, and an extrusion speed of the metal work product. The estimated surface exit temperature of the metal work product is compared with a target hot shortness exit temperature of the metal work product. The initial temperature of the metal billet, the extrusion speed, and the extrusion force are changed based on the comparison until the estimated surface exit temperature equals the target hot shortness exit temperature.

A technique for optimizing metal extrusion process parameters includes receiving values representing properties of an extrusion press machine, and calculating an estimated surface exit temperature of a metal work product resulting from an extrusion of a metal billet using the extrusion press machine based on the machine property values, an initial temperature of the metal billet prior to the extrusion, an extrusion force applied to the metal billet during the extrusion, and an extrusion speed of the metal work product. The estimated surface exit temperature of the metal work product is compared with a target hot shortness exit temperature of the metal work product. The initial temperature of the metal billet, the extrusion speed, and the extrusion force are changed based on the comparison until the estimated surface exit temperature equals the target hot shortness exit temperature.

The invention relates to a forming device (10) for plastically deforming a component (54), in particular a sheet component, with a top part (12) of the forming device (10) and with a bottom part (14) of the forming device (10), between which the component (54) is fixable and deformable by a relative movement (20) between the bottom part (14) and the top part (12), with a machine rack (22) accommodating the top part (12) and the bottom part (14), which bounds a working area (28) of the forming device (10), in which the component (54) is deformable, at least in certain areas, and with a sensor device (40) for non-contact monitoring the working area (28) at least in certain areas by means of radiation (42) capable of being emitted by the sensor device (40).

The invention relates to a forming device (10) for plastically deforming a component (54), in particular a sheet component, with a top part (12) of the forming device (10) and with a bottom part (14) of the forming device (10), between which the component (54) is fixable and deformable by a relative movement (20) between the bottom part (14) and the top part (12), with a machine rack (22) accommodating the top part (12) and the bottom part (14), which bounds a working area (28) of the forming device (10), in which the component (54) is deformable, at least in certain areas, and with a sensor device (40) for non-contact monitoring the working area (28) at least in certain areas by means of radiation (42) capable of being emitted by the sensor device (40).

Production of a bulk Al-RE alloy body (product) using cast billets/ingots (cooling rates <100 C/s) or rapidly solidified Al-RE particulates (cooling rates 10.sup.2-10.sup.6 C./second) that have beneficial microstructural refinements that are further refined by subsequent consolidation to produce a consolidated bulk alloy product having excellent mechanical properties over a wide temperature range such as up to and above 230 C.

Production of a bulk Al-RE alloy body (product) using cast billets/ingots (cooling rates <100 C/s) or rapidly solidified Al-RE particulates (cooling rates 10.sup.2-10.sup.6 C./second) that have beneficial microstructural refinements that are further refined by subsequent consolidation to produce a consolidated bulk alloy product having excellent mechanical properties over a wide temperature range such as up to and above 230 C.

A double action extrusion press has: a main crosshead provided freely movable with the application of pressure in an axial direction by a main cylinder and having a pressing system disposed on the tip thereof; and a piercer cylinder built into the main cylinder and provided within the main ram, allowing a mandrel to slide within the pressing system and the main crosshead. The double action extrusion press complements the extrusion force by force equivalent to a mandrel pull force acting on a mandrel stop rod by affixing the piercer cylinder in contact to a piercer crosshead that is joined with the mandrel stop rod and applying hydraulic force to the rod side of the piercer cylinder.

A double action extrusion press has: a main crosshead provided freely movable with the application of pressure in an axial direction by a main cylinder and having a pressing system disposed on the tip thereof; and a piercer cylinder built into the main cylinder and provided within the main ram, allowing a mandrel to slide within the pressing system and the main crosshead. The double action extrusion press complements the extrusion force by force equivalent to a mandrel pull force acting on a mandrel stop rod by affixing the piercer cylinder in contact to a piercer crosshead that is joined with the mandrel stop rod and applying hydraulic force to the rod side of the piercer cylinder.

A technique for optimizing metal extrusion process parameters includes receiving values representing properties of an extrusion press machine, and calculating an estimated surface exit temperature of a metal work product resulting from an extrusion of a metal billet using the extrusion press machine based on the machine property values, an initial temperature of the metal billet prior to the extrusion, an extrusion force applied to the metal billet during the extrusion, and an extrusion speed of the metal work product. The estimated surface exit temperature of the metal work product is compared with a target hot shortness exit temperature of the metal work product. The initial temperature of the metal billet, the extrusion speed, and the extrusion force are changed based on the comparison until the estimated surface exit temperature equals the target hot shortness exit temperature.

A technique for optimizing metal extrusion process parameters includes receiving values representing properties of an extrusion press machine, and calculating an estimated surface exit temperature of a metal work product resulting from an extrusion of a metal billet using the extrusion press machine based on the machine property values, an initial temperature of the metal billet prior to the extrusion, an extrusion force applied to the metal billet during the extrusion, and an extrusion speed of the metal work product. The estimated surface exit temperature of the metal work product is compared with a target hot shortness exit temperature of the metal work product. The initial temperature of the metal billet, the extrusion speed, and the extrusion force are changed based on the comparison until the estimated surface exit temperature equals the target hot shortness exit temperature.