A zinc-coated steel may be produced by performing a pre-alloying heat treatment after galvannealing the steel and prior to the hot stamping the steel. The pre-alloying heat treatment is conducted at a temperature between about 850 F. and about 950 F. in an open coil annealing process. The pre-alloying heat treatment allows for shorter time at the austenitization temperature to form a desired -Fe phase in the coating by increasing the concentration of iron. This also decreases the loss of zinc, and a more adherent oxide exists after hot stamping.

A zinc-coated steel may be produced by performing a pre-alloying heat treatment after galvannealing the steel and prior to the hot stamping the steel. The pre-alloying heat treatment is conducted at a temperature between about 850 F. and about 950 F. in an open coil annealing process. The pre-alloying heat treatment allows for shorter time at the austenitization temperature to form a desired -Fe phase in the coating by increasing the concentration of iron. This also decreases the loss of zinc, and a more adherent oxide exists after hot stamping.

There is provided a surface shape defect generating region estimating method for estimating a generating region of a surface shape defect of a deformation-processed product obtained by performing deformation processing with respect to a workpiece, the method including: a first stress distribution obtaining process of obtaining first stress distribution .sub.(T1); a second stress distribution obtaining process of obtaining a second stress distribution .sub.(T2); a comparative stress distribution obtaining process of obtaining comparative stress distribution .sub.(T1, T2); a division comparative stress distribution obtaining process of obtaining division comparative stress distribution .sub.DIV(T1, T2); and a surface shape defect generating region estimating process of estimating whether or not each of the divided regions D.sub.K is a generating region of the surface shape defect.

There is provided a surface shape defect generating region estimating method for estimating a generating region of a surface shape defect of a deformation-processed product obtained by performing deformation processing with respect to a workpiece, the method including: a first stress distribution obtaining process of obtaining first stress distribution .sub.(T1); a second stress distribution obtaining process of obtaining a second stress distribution .sub.(T2); a comparative stress distribution obtaining process of obtaining comparative stress distribution .sub.(T1, T2); a division comparative stress distribution obtaining process of obtaining division comparative stress distribution .sub.DIV(T1, T2); and a surface shape defect generating region estimating process of estimating whether or not each of the divided regions D.sub.K is a generating region of the surface shape defect.

A driven member of a metal peening machine is disclosed. The metal peening machine is configured to drive the driven member into contact with a work surface of a metal workpiece to deform the metal workpiece. The driven member includes a shaft with an impact end. At least one of a plurality of impact features, an impact feature with a non-flat impact surface, a non-round impact feature, and an asymmetrical impact feature is coupled to and protrudes from the impact end of the shaft. The at least one of the plurality of impact features, the impact feature with a non-flat impact surface, the non-round impact feature, and the asymmetrical impact feature defining at least one impact surface to be driven into contact with the work surface of the metal workpiece.

A driven member of a metal peening machine is disclosed. The metal peening machine is configured to drive the driven member into contact with a work surface of a metal workpiece to deform the metal workpiece. The driven member includes a shaft with an impact end. At least one of a plurality of impact features, an impact feature with a non-flat impact surface, a non-round impact feature, and an asymmetrical impact feature is coupled to and protrudes from the impact end of the shaft. The at least one of the plurality of impact features, the impact feature with a non-flat impact surface, the non-round impact feature, and the asymmetrical impact feature defining at least one impact surface to be driven into contact with the work surface of the metal workpiece.

The present invention is directed to a door skin having an exterior surface with an woodgrain pattern formed therein, and an etched plate for use as an embossing plate or with a molded die set, for forming the woodgrain pattern in the door skin. The exterior surface has outer portions lying on a first plane, spaced grooves recessed from the plane of the outer portions, and halftone portions. The halftone portions have spaced protrusions defined by channels, wherein the channels are recessed from the plane of the outer portions.

A method is provided for press forming a product having a shape of a top board portion, a vertical wall portion continuously formed from the top board portion and a flange portion continuously formed from the vertical wall portion at a press process of two or more stages, wherein a convex or concave bead shape is preformed in a position of a flat metal sheet as a raw material corresponding to a neighborhood of a position generating breakage or flange wrinkles when the raw material is formed into a product shape, and thereafter a product shape is press formed from the raw material having the preformed bead shape.

Beaded panels and method of forming beaded panels. A beaded panel as described herein includes a base structure comprising a sheet of material, and beads that comprise a protrusion on a first side of the base structure, and a concavity on an opposing second side of the base structure. A geometry of the beads comprises a center section having a conic shape about a longitudinal axis, flared sections symmetric about the center section along the longitudinal axis, and a transition section that curves outward from a base of the center section and the flared sections to blend with a flat surface on the first side of the base structure.

A ball screw nut having a tubular sheet metal body with a thread profile and being optionally encapsulated in plastic. This sheet metal body is formed of a sheet metal part that includes the thread profile and a ball-returning piece inserted therein, which is designed as an additional sheet metal part.