The present invention relates to a sampler for taking samples from a molten metal bath, particularly a molten iron, the sampler comprising: a carrier tube having an immersion end; and a sample chamber assembly arranged on the immersion end of the carrier tube, the sample chamber assembly comprising a cover plate and a housing, wherein the housing comprises: an immersion end having a first opening for an inflow conduit and an opposing end having a second opening for a gas coupler, a first face extending between the immersion end and the opposing end, the first face having a first depression proximate the immersion end and a second depression, the first depression being an analysis zone and the second depression being a ventilation zone, a portion of the analysis zone overlying a distribution zone which is in direct flow communication with the first opening and configured to receive the molten steel from the inflow conduit, wherein the first depression having a cross sectional circle segment profile along a central longitudinal axis that is concavely or triangularly shaped, wherein the cover plate and the housing are configured to be assembled together to form a sample cavity including the distribution zone, the analysis zone and the ventilation zone, such that an analysis surface of a solidified steel sample formed within the sample cavity lies in a first plane, and wherein the first and second openings are spaced apart from the first plane.

The invention also relates to a sampler for taking samples from a molten metal bath, particularly a molten iron, the sampler comprising: a carrier tube having an immersion end; a sample chamber assembly arranged on the immersion end of the carrier tube, the sample chamber assembly comprising a cover plate and a housing, wherein the cover plate comprising a sealing member configured to provide a substantially gas tight seal between the cover plate and the housing, wherein the sealing member consist of an essentially non-contaminating material for the samples in the sample chamber.

Systems, methods, and apparatuses are provided herein that track an integrated deviation of a physical property of a material that corresponds to a variation or defect in the material. In one embodiment, molten steel begins to solidify and move past an instrumented region of a mold. Sensors in the mold can detect a deviation in temperature of the instrumented region of the mold that signifies a variation or defect in the surface of the slab material as it solidifies. The systems, methods, and apparatuses track the integrated temperature deviation to more clearly visualize defects that may otherwise not be detectable by simply observing the temperatures of the mold and slab material in real time.

Systems, methods, and apparatuses are provided herein that track an integrated deviation of a physical property of a material that corresponds to a variation or defect in the material. In one embodiment, molten steel begins to solidify and move past an instrumented region of a mold. Sensors in the mold can detect a deviation in temperature of the instrumented region of the mold that signifies a variation or defect in the surface of the slab material as it solidifies. The systems, methods, and apparatuses track the integrated temperature deviation to more clearly visualize defects that may otherwise not be detectable by simply observing the temperatures of the mold and slab material in real time.

A method for measurement of the casting level in a mould incudes the steps of: a) impressing a temporal current profile into a transmitting coil that is arranged at the mould, during a measuring time interval; b) measuring a temporal signal profile resulting in a receiving coil during the measuring time interval, wherein the receiving coil is coupled inductively to the transmitting coil; c) selecting a time window within the measuring time interval, and d) evaluating the measured temporal signal profile within the selected time window to determine the casting level.

The pouring apparatus includes: a ladle including a nozzle and configured to store molten metal; a tilting mechanism configured to tilt the ladle so that a tapping position from the nozzle of the ladle is maintained at a constant position; and a radiation thermometer including a sensor head configured to output a signal related to a temperature at a measurement position and an amplifier configured to process the signal output by the sensor head, wherein the sensor head is disposed so that the measurement position is at the tapping position, and outputs a signal related to a temperature of molten metal in a molten metal flow at the tapping position.

A method for measurement of the casting level in a mould incudes the steps of: a) impressing a temporal current profile into a transmitting coil that is arranged at the mould, during a measuring time interval; b) measuring a temporal signal profile resulting in a receiving coil during the measuring time interval, wherein the receiving coil is coupled inductively to the transmitting coil; c) selecting a time window within the measuring time interval, and d) evaluating the measured temporal signal profile within the selected time window to determine the casting level.

A ventilating stopper rod has a temperature measurement function and is used for continuous casting. The stopper rod has a rod body, a rod head, a temperature measurement unit, a connecting pipe and exhaust passages; the rod body is a hollow structure; the upper end of the rod body is connected with the connecting pipe; the lower end of the rod body is connected with the rod head; the temperature measurement unit is used for measuring the temperature of the molten steel; the open end of the temperature measurement unit is connected with the rod head and communicates with the inner cavity of the rod body; the closed end of the temperature measurement unit extends out from the lower end of the rod head and is exposed from the rod head.

A guide roller for a continuous casting machine includes a roller seat having bearings, a roller shaft mounted for rotation in the roller seat and at least one roller body mounted on the roller shaft and configured to support a billet. A passive optical sensor is mounted to the roller seat and configured to output optical signals, and an optical fiber extends from the passive optical sensor and is configured to convey the optical signals to a processor configured to determine one or more physical parameters of an installation position of the passive optical sensor based on the optical signals.

A guide roller for a continuous casting machine includes a roller seat having bearings, a roller shaft mounted for rotation in the roller seat and at least one roller body mounted on the roller shaft and configured to support a billet. A passive optical sensor is mounted to the roller seat and configured to output optical signals, and an optical fiber extends from the passive optical sensor and is configured to convey the optical signals to a processor configured to determine one or more physical parameters of an installation position of the passive optical sensor based on the optical signals.

A cold flake suppression method is provided. A molding device includes a sleeve, a tip, a sprue guide portion, a molding die, a sprue ring, a distributer, and a control device. The sprue guide portion includes a stamp portion, a runner portion, and a gate portion. The control device drives a supply device to slide the tip for molten metal to flow through the sleeve; sequentially calculates an amount of heat transfer changing continuously from the start of supply of molten metal until the tip slides to the position in FIG. 2, and calculates a total of the amounts as a total amount of heat transfer; and calculates a volume of the sprue guide portion based on information about the sprue guide portion input by an operator. Shapes of the sleeve and the sprue guide portion are determined to set a cold flake index equal to or less than 0.842.