A method includes: sensing a defect on a cast strip surface, the cast strip being cast from molten metal or alloy by a casting system, determining an adjustment amount and/or direction of a casting system component based on the identified surface defect, and providing the adjustment amount and/or direction to an operator for adjustment of the casting system component and/or commanding that the casting system component be adjusted by the adjustment amount and/or direction.

A dilute copper alloy material includes, based on a total mass of the dilute copper alloy material, 2 to 12 mass ppm of sulfur, 2 to 30 mass ppm of oxygen, 4 to 55 mass ppm of titanium, and a balance of pure copper and inevitable impurity. A part of the sulfur and the titanium forms a compound or an aggregate of TiO, TiO.sub.2, TiS or Ti—O—S, and an other part of the sulfur and the titanium forms a solid solution. TiO, TiO.sub.2, TiS and Ti—O—S distributed in a crystal grain of the dilute copper alloy material are not more than 200 nm, not more than 1000 nm, not more than 200 nm and not more than 300 nm, respectively, in particle size thereof, and not less than 90% of particles distributed in a crystal grain of the dilute copper alloy material are 500 nm or less in particle size.

The tool according to the invention comprises a connecting head (22) support (70) extending along a longitudinal axis (B-B′); a mold base (72), supported by the support (70), the mold base (72) defining an axial orifice for passage of the connecting head (22); an end-piece (74) for mounting the support (70) on a movement member for moving the tool in the mold; and a mechanism (76) for longitudinal immobilization of the connecting head (22) on the support (70). The mechanism (76) for longitudinal immobilization is longitudinally adjustable relative to the support (70) in order to immobilize the connecting head (22) relative to the support (70) in at least two different longitudinal positions along the longitudinal axis (B-B′).

A method for manufacturing carbon fiber reinforced aluminum composites is provided. Particularly, the method uses a stir casting process during a melting and casting process and reduces a contact angle of carbon against aluminum by inputting carbon fibers while supplying a current to liquid aluminum to induce the carbon fibers to be spontaneously and uniformly distributed in the liquid aluminum and inhibits a formation of an aluminum carbide (Al.sub.4C.sub.3) phase on an interface between the aluminum and the carbon fiber, thereby manufacturing carbon fiber reinforced aluminum composites having excellent electrical, thermal and mechanical characteristics.

Crystallizer for the continuous high-speed casting of a metal product (P), which has a casting cavity (13) defined by walls (14) connected to each other in correspondence with edges (15) and provided with cooling means (16).

[PROBLEM] The invention provides a roll for hot rolling process having various types of more excellent durability performances than conventional rolls, and provides also a method for manufacturing the same. [SOLUTION] A cladding layer 4 is formed on an outer circumference portion of a roll for hot rolling process 1, where the cladding layer 4 comprises: 0.5 to 0.7% by mass of C, 2.8 to 4.0% by mass of Si, 0.9 to 1.1% by mass of Cu, 1.4 to 1.6% by mass of Mn, 2.7 to 3.3% by mass of Ni, 13.5 to 14.5% by mass of Cr, 0.8 to 1.1% by mass of Mo, 0.9 to 1.1% by mass of Co, and 0.2 to 0.4% by mass of Nb, with a balance being Fe and inevitable impurities, and has a thickness of 5 mm or more.

[PROBLEM] The invention provides a roll for hot rolling process having various types of more excellent durability performances than conventional rolls, and provides also a method for manufacturing the same. [SOLUTION] A cladding layer 4 is formed on an outer circumference portion of a roll for hot rolling process 1, where the cladding layer 4 comprises: 0.5 to 0.7% by mass of C, 2.8 to 4.0% by mass of Si, 0.9 to 1.1% by mass of Cu, 1.4 to 1.6% by mass of Mn, 2.7 to 3.3% by mass of Ni, 13.5 to 14.5% by mass of Cr, 0.8 to 1.1% by mass of Mo, 0.9 to 1.1% by mass of Co, and 0.2 to 0.4% by mass of Nb, with a balance being Fe and inevitable impurities, and has a thickness of 5 mm or more.

A device for casting electrode carriers for the production of lead grid electrodes in a continuous casting process is provided, which includes a casting drum, the surface of which has been engraved with the shape of the lead strip to be cast, and a casting shoe which rests on the outer circumference of the casting drum in the region of the horizontal axis drawn through the axis of rotation when the casting drum rotates counterclockwise, whereat the exiting liquid lead flows into the concave mold of the casting drum surface and is removable as a solidified lead strip at the lower vertex of the casting drum after three quarters of a rotation and whereat draft angles of less than 7 degrees, in particular less than 3 degrees are provided.

A composite roll for rolling comprising an outer layer and an inner layer integrally fused to each other; the outer layer being made of an Fe-based alloy comprising by mass 1-3% of C, 0.3-3% of Si, 0.1-3% of Mn, 0.1-5% of Ni, 1-7% of Cr, 1-8% of Mo, 4-7% of V, 0.005-0.15% of N, and 0.05-0.2% of B; the inner layer being made of graphite cast iron comprising by mass 2.4-3.6% of C, 1.5-3.5% of Si, 0.1-2% of Mn, 0.1-2% of Ni, less than 0.7% of Cr, less than 0.7% of Mo, 0.05-1% of V, and 0.01-0.1% of Mg; the inner layer comprising a core portion fused to the outer layer, and shaft portions integrally extending from both ends of the core portion; at least one of the shaft portions containing 200/cm.sup.2 or more of hard MC carbides having circle-equivalent diameters of 5 μm or more.

An aluminum alloy thick plate is formed of an aluminum alloy including Mg of 2.0 to 5.0 mass %, and has a plate thickness of 300 to 400 mm. A is 700 pieces/cm.sup.2 or less and B is 1.3 times or more as large as A, where (i) A (pieces/cm.sup.2) is a maximum value in numbers of crystallized products with a maximum length of 60 μm or more per unit area in each of positions located at a center portion in a thickness direction and at positions of 0.39 Wa to 0.48 Wa in a plate width direction; and (ii) B (pieces/cm.sup.2) is a maximum value in numbers of crystallized products with a maximum length of 60 μm or more per unit area in each of positions located at the center portion in the thickness direction and at positions of 0.12 Wa to 0.30 Wa in the plate width direction.