A process for producing a high strength, homogeneous copper-nickel-tin alloy with high strength includes preparing a molten mixture of copper, nickel, and tin; pressure assist casting the molten mixture to form a casting; and thermally treating the casting. Novel combinations of properties can be attained for the alloy.

A process for producing a high strength, homogeneous copper-nickel-tin alloy with high strength includes preparing a molten mixture of copper, nickel, and tin; pressure assist casting the molten mixture to form a casting; and thermally treating the casting. Novel combinations of properties can be attained for the alloy.

A nickel base casting alloy includes a composition, by weight percent: 19.0-22.5 chromium, 7.0-9.5 molybdenum, 2.75-4.0 niobium, 1.0-1.7 titanium, 0.35-1.0 manganese, 0.2-1.0 silicon, 0 - 0.03 carbon, 0-0.015 phosphorus, 0-0.01 sulfur, 0-0.35 aluminum, 0-13.25 iron, the balance being nickel and incidental impurities.

A nickel base casting alloy includes a composition, by weight percent: 19.0-22.5 chromium, 7.0-9.5 molybdenum, 2.75-4.0 niobium, 1.0-1.7 titanium, 0.35-1.0 manganese, 0.2-1.0 silicon, 0 - 0.03 carbon, 0-0.015 phosphorus, 0-0.01 sulfur, 0-0.35 aluminum, 0-13.25 iron, the balance being nickel and incidental impurities.

The invention relates to a hydrodynamic retarder comprisinga rotor (1) and a stator (2) which form a working chamber (3) with each other;a first working medium connection (6);a second working medium connection (7); anda working medium container (4) that has an outlet (10), which is connected to the first working medium connection via a line, and an inlet (11), which is connected to the second working medium connection via a line; whereinthe working medium container is made of two housing parts (8, 9), which are joined together along a parting line (12). According to the invention:the two housing parts together enclose the working medium storage volume;one of the two housing parts simultaneously forms a part of a retarder housing (14) which supports or forms the stator and partly forms all or some of the working medium-conducting connections between the working medium storage volume and the working chamber; anda separating plate (13) is inserted between, the two housing parts, said separating plate together with one or both of the housing parts forming cavities for the working medium-conducting connections and/or the working medium storage volume.

The invention relates to a hydrodynamic retarder comprisinga rotor (1) and a stator (2) which form a working chamber (3) with each other;a first working medium connection (6);a second working medium connection (7); anda working medium container (4) that has an outlet (10), which is connected to the first working medium connection via a line, and an inlet (11), which is connected to the second working medium connection via a line; whereinthe working medium container is made of two housing parts (8, 9), which are joined together along a parting line (12). According to the invention:the two housing parts together enclose the working medium storage volume;one of the two housing parts simultaneously forms a part of a retarder housing (14) which supports or forms the stator and partly forms all or some of the working medium-conducting connections between the working medium storage volume and the working chamber; anda separating plate (13) is inserted between, the two housing parts, said separating plate together with one or both of the housing parts forming cavities for the working medium-conducting connections and/or the working medium storage volume.

Alloys, processes for preparing the alloys, and articles including the alloys are provided. The alloys can include, by weight, about 0% to about 8% nickel, about 1% to about 6% tungsten, about 1% to about 4% copper, about 0.1% to about 2% chromium, about 0.01% to about 1% vanadium, about 0.01% to about 0.5% carbon, about 0.01% to about 0.1% titanium, about 0.001% to about 0.01% boron, about 0% to about 1% silicon, and about 0% to about 0.1% calcium, the balance essentially iron and incidental elements and impurities.

A process for preparing molten metals for casting at a low to zero superheat temperature involves the steps of placing a heat extracting probe into the melt and at the same time vigorous convection is applied to assure nearly uniform cooling of the melt. Then, the heat extraction probe is rapidly removed when a low or zero superheat temperature is reached. Finally, the rapidly cooled melt is quickly transferred to a mold for casting into parts or a shot sleeve for injection into a die cavity. The process may be carried out so as that small amounts of solid form in part of the melt. In this case, a key aspect of the invention is to carry out the process rapidly in order to maintain the particles in a fine, dispersed state that will not impede flow and will improve the quality of the metal parts produced. Cost of the metal parts produced is lowered due to longer die life and shorter cycle time.

A process for preparing molten metals for casting at a low to zero superheat temperature involves the steps of placing a heat extracting probe into the melt and at the same time vigorous convection is applied to assure nearly uniform cooling of the melt. Then, the heat extraction probe is rapidly removed when a low or zero superheat temperature is reached. Finally, the rapidly cooled melt is quickly transferred to a mold for casting into parts or a shot sleeve for injection into a die cavity. The process may be carried out so as that small amounts of solid form in part of the melt. In this case, a key aspect of the invention is to carry out the process rapidly in order to maintain the particles in a fine, dispersed state that will not impede flow and will improve the quality of the metal parts produced. Cost of the metal parts produced is lowered due to longer die life and shorter cycle time.

An object of the present invention is to develop a technique for providing a novel metal matrix composite capable of stably suppressing problems of conventional composites formed with a reinforcing material and a matrix material, such as a metal, the problems being, for example, inferior mechanical properties such as tensile and bending strengths to those of single-phase materials, such as a metal, coarser surface roughness due to, for example, chipping and wear of a cutting edge caused by fall-off of a reinforcing material or collision of a blade with a hard reinforcing material during precision shaping machining, and inferior workability. There is provided a metal-coated metal matrix composite formed by compounding a matrix material, such as a pure metal, and a reinforcing material, such as ceramic, wherein the reinforcing material is a porous molded body and regular unevenness is provided on the surfaces of the molded body, and thereby the metal-coated metal matrix composite has, on the surfaces thereof, a metal coating layer comprising the unevenness and being continuously integrated with the matrix material forming the composite; and the metal coating layer has a thickness of 0.5 mm to 5 mm, and the unevenness has a height difference of 0.1 mm or more and the height difference is within a range of 50% or less of the thickness of the metal coating layer, and the shape of the unevenness is periodic.