A method of processing a casting is described. The method comprises removing a mold from a cast metal part without cold working surfaces of the cast metal part and thermally treating the cast metal part. The method can further comprise finishing the surfaces of the cast metal part after thermally treating such that any cold working of the surfaces of the cast metal part occurs after thermally treating such that no recast layer is formed in the cast metal part.

A lip for an earth moving machine shovel, comprising: a main body (1a, 1b), and a plurality of noses (3) protruding from the main body (1a, 1b); the at least one transmission surface (4a, 4b) between each nose (3) and the main body (1b) has a 5 slope variation of between 0 and 10, each transmission surface (4a, 4b) comprising at least a portion of a stabilisation surface (9a, 9b) of the respective nose (3) and a portion of a surface of the main body (1b). Also, a method for manufacturing a lip comprising: introducing molten steel into a lip mould through one or more openings in the mould, the mould comprising a plurality of risers; cooling or 0 waiting for the molten steel introduced into the mould until it solidifies; and removing the plurality of risers from the lip manufactured with the mould.

Embodiments of heat spreaders with integrated preforms, and related devices and methods, are disclosed herein. In some embodiments, a heat spreader may include: a frame formed of a metal material, wherein the metal material is a zinc alloy or an aluminum alloy; a preform secured in the frame, wherein the preform has a thermal conductivity higher than a thermal conductivity of the metal material; and a recess having at least one sidewall formed by the frame. The metal material may have an equiaxed grain structure. In some embodiments, the equiaxed grain structure may be formed by squeeze-casting or rheocasting the metal material.

Embodiments of heat spreaders with integrated preforms, and related devices and methods, are disclosed herein. In some embodiments, a heat spreader may include: a frame formed of a metal material, wherein the metal material is a zinc alloy or an aluminum alloy; a preform secured in the frame, wherein the preform has a thermal conductivity higher than a thermal conductivity of the metal material; and a recess having at least one sidewall formed by the frame. The metal material may have an equiaxed grain structure. In some embodiments, the equiaxed grain structure may be formed by squeeze-casting or rheocasting the metal material.

Systems and methods are disclosed herein for a pressure tolerant energy system. The pressure tolerant energy system may comprise a pressure tolerant cavity and an energy system enclosed in the pressure tolerant cavity configured to provide electrical power to the vehicle. The energy system may include one or more battery cells and a pressure tolerant, programmable management circuit. The pressure tolerant cavity may be filled with an electrically-inert liquid, such as mineral oil. In some embodiments, the electrically-inert liquid may be kept at a positive pressure relative to a pressure external to the pressure tolerant cavity. The energy system may further comprise a pressure venting system configured to maintain the pressure inside the pressure tolerant cavity within a range of pressures. The pressure tolerant cavity may be sealed to prevent water ingress.

Systems and methods are disclosed herein for a pressure tolerant energy system. The pressure tolerant energy system may comprise a pressure tolerant cavity and an energy system enclosed in the pressure tolerant cavity configured to provide electrical power to the vehicle. The energy system may include one or more battery cells and a pressure tolerant, programmable management circuit. The pressure tolerant cavity may be filled with an electrically-inert liquid, such as mineral oil. In some embodiments, the electrically-inert liquid may be kept at a positive pressure relative to a pressure external to the pressure tolerant cavity. The energy system may further comprise a pressure venting system configured to maintain the pressure inside the pressure tolerant cavity within a range of pressures. The pressure tolerant cavity may be sealed to prevent water ingress.

In molten metal jetting, where droplets of metal are jetted to 3D print a part, each layer may be traversed each successive layer with a normalizing grinding wheel or other leveling device such as a layer to level each successive layer, and/or the melt reservoir or printing chamber may be filled with an anoxic gas mix to prevent oxidation.

The present teachings provide a method comprising steps of: forming an integral brake caliper body and support bracket that comprises a caliper body and a support bracket; and separating the caliper body from the support bracket.

A thermally stable component formed of a tempered aluminum alloy casting which reduced costs is provided. The aluminum alloy typically has an elongation of at least 8% after casting, which is preferred for self-piercing rivet processes. The aluminum alloy leaves a casting facility in the as-cast (F temper) condition. The cast aluminum alloy is then shipped to another entity, such as an OEM, and is subjected to an artificial aging process, such as on the OEM's existing paint line, rather than at the casting facility. The artificial aging process typically includes electrodeposition coating and curing. The components that can be formed by the reduced cost method include lightweight automotive vehicle components, including structural, body-in-white, suspension, or chassis components, such as front shock towers, front body hinge pillars, tunnels, and rear rails.

A thermally stable component formed of a tempered aluminum alloy casting which reduced costs is provided. The aluminum alloy typically has an elongation of at least 8% after casting, which is preferred for self-piercing rivet processes. The aluminum alloy leaves a casting facility in the as-cast (F temper) condition. The cast aluminum alloy is then shipped to another entity, such as an OEM, and is subjected to an artificial aging process, such as on the OEM's existing paint line, rather than at the casting facility. The artificial aging process typically includes electrodeposition coating and curing. The components that can be formed by the reduced cost method include lightweight automotive vehicle components, including structural, body-in-white, suspension, or chassis components, such as front shock towers, front body hinge pillars, tunnels, and rear rails.