A radiation beam field shaping device is made from a 3D printed frame that contains and gives shape to a granular material with bulk density of at least 3 g/cm.sup.3 and composed of metal grains having a size between 1 μm and 4 mm. The frame has a hole in the bottom with surrounding walls that defines the desired beam shape. In one implementation, the metal grains are composed of solid tungsten alloy ball bearings and/or tungsten alloy powder.

A method of making a lithiated silicon-based precursor material for a negative electrode material of an electrochemical cell that cycles lithium ions is provided. An admixture comprising a plurality of lithium particles and a plurality of silicon particles is briquetted by applying pressure of greater than or equal to about 10 MPa and applying heat at a temperature of less than or equal to about 180° C. to form a precursor briquette. The briquette has lithium particles and silicon particles distributed in a matrix and has a porosity level of less than or equal to about 60% of the total volume of the precursor briquette. The briquetting is conducted in an environment having less than or equal to about 0.002% by weight of any oxygen-bearing species or nitrogen (N.sub.2).

A metal powder for powder metallurgy contains Co as a principal component, Cr at 16 mass % or more and 35 mass % or less, and Si at 0.3 mass % or more and 2.0 mass % or less, wherein when one element selected from Ti, V, Y, Zr, Nb, Hf, and Ta is a first element, and one element selected from the group and having a higher group number in the periodic table than that of the first element or having the same group number in the periodic table as that of the first element and a higher period number than that of the first element is a second element, the first element is at 0.01 mass % or more and 0.5 mass % or less, and the second element is at 0.01 mass % or more and 0.5 mass % or less.

To provide a titanium-based porous body that has high void fraction to ensure gas permeability and water permeability for practical use as an electrode and a filter, has a large specific surface area to ensure conductivity and sufficient reaction sites with a reaction solution or a reaction gas, thus showing excellent reaction efficiency, and contains less contaminants because of no organic substance used. A titanium-based porous body having a specific void fraction and a high specific surface area is obtained by filling an irregular-shaped titanium powder having an average particle size of 10 to 50 μm in a dry system without using any binder or the like into a thickness of 4.0×10.sup.−1 to 1.6 mm, and sintering the irregular-shaped titanium powder at 800 to 1100° C.

A pure copper powder with a Si coating formed thereon, wherein a Si adhesion amount is 5 wtppm or more and 200 wtppm or less, a C adhesion amount is 15 wtppm or more, and a weight ratio C/Si is 3 or less. An object of the present invention is to provide a pure copper powder with a Si coating formed thereon and a production method thereof, as well as an additive manufactured object using such pure copper powder capable of suppressing the partial sintering of the pure copper powder caused by the preheating thereof in additive manufacturing based on the electron beam (EB) method, and suppressing the loss of the degree of vacuum caused by carbon (C) during the molding process.

An improved atomized powder metal material containing an increased amount of free graphite after heat treatment and/or sintering is provided. The powder metal material is typically a ferrous alloy and includes carbon in an amount of 1.0 wt. % to 6.5 wt. % and silicon in an amount of 0.1 wt. % to 6.0 wt. %, based on the total weight of the powder metal material. The powder metal material can also include various other alloying elements, for example at least one of nickel (Ni), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), tin (Sn), aluminum (Al), sulfur (S), phosphorous (P), boron (B), nitrogen (N), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), molybdenum (Mo), vanadium (V), niobium (Nb), tungsten (W), titanium (Ti), tantalum (Ta) zirconium (Zr), zinc (Zn), strontium (Sr), calcium (Ca), barium (Ba) magnesium (Mg), lithium (Li), sodium (Na), and potassium (K).

A method for the production of a superconducting wire (20) uses a monofilament (1) having a powder core (3) that contains at least Sn and Cu, an inner tube (2), made of Nb or an alloy containing Nb, that encloses the powder core (3), and an outer tube (4) in which the inner tube (2) is arranged. The outer side of the inner tube (2) is in contact with the inner side of the outer tube (4) and the outer tube (4) is produced from Nb or from an alloy containing Nb. The outer tube is disposed in a cladding tube. The superconducting current carrying capacity of the superconducting wire is thereby improved.

A method of producing composites of micro-engineered, coated particulates embedded in a matrix of metal, ceramic powders, or combinations thereof, capable of being tailored to exhibit application-specific desired thermal, physical and mechanical properties, such as High Altitude Exo-atmospheric Nuclear Standard (HAENS) I, II or III radiation protection, to form substitute materials for nickel, titanium, rhenium, magnesium, aluminum, graphite epoxy, and beryllium. The particulates are solid and/or hollow and may be coated with one or more layers of deposited materials before being combined within a substrate of powder metal, ceramic or some combination thereof which also may be coated. The combined micro-engineered nano design powder is consolidated using novel solid-state processes that prevent melting of the matrix and which involve the application of varying pressures to control the formation of the microstructure and resultant mechanical properties.

Provided are: an alloy member that is excellent in homogeneity of both the alloy composition and microstructure and excellent in shape controllability and includes a high entropy alloy having high mechanical properties and high corrosion resistance, a process for producing the same, and a product including the alloy member. In the present invention, the alloy member having a chemical composition comprising elements of Co, Cr, Fe, Ni, and Ti each in an amount within a range of 5 atomic % or more and 35 atomic % or less and Mo in an amount within a range of more than 0 atomic % and 8 atomic % or less, the reminder consisting of unavoidable impurities, wherein ultrafine grains having an average grain diameter of 100 nm or less are dispersed and precipitated in a parent phase crystal.

Provided are: an alloy member that is excellent in homogeneity of both the alloy composition and microstructure and excellent in shape controllability and includes a high entropy alloy having high mechanical properties and high corrosion resistance, a process for producing the same, and a product including the alloy member. In the present invention, the alloy member having a chemical composition comprising elements of Co, Cr, Fe, Ni, and Ti each in an amount within a range of 5 atomic % or more and 35 atomic % or less and Mo in an amount within a range of more than 0 atomic % and 8 atomic % or less, the reminder consisting of unavoidable impurities, wherein ultrafine grains having an average grain diameter of 100 nm or less are dispersed and precipitated in a parent phase crystal.