Compositions and methods for protecting bees from toxins and for preventing or decreasing colony collapse are provided. The compositions comprise carbon microparticles which, when ingested by bees, increase their survival after exposure to toxins such as pesticides.

Embodiments of a fume board are disclosed. In one embodiment, a fume board includes a fume board box, a blower, a repellant liner, and an air diverter. The fume board box has an upper panel and an open bottom face oppositely vertically disposed from the upper panel. The upper panel defines an air intake portal and an interior surface where the repellant liner is attached on the interior surface of the upper panel. The blower is configured to generate an air flow. The air diverter is connected to the blower through the air intake portal, wherein the air diverter is configured to redirect the air flow across the repellant liner. In this manner, the air flow can be provided with low air pressure but still more evenly capture the repellant volatized from the repellant liner to remove the bees from the honey super.

An automatic unit for one or several beehives for commercial or recreational beekeeping including honey production and pollination services comprises: (a) a plurality of bee frames (honeycomb, brood frames and other bee frames) releasably mounted within at least one hive chamber; (b) a mechanism for removing the bee frames from the hive chamber and inserting the bee frames thereinto; (c) an automated honey harvesting arrangement; (d) an arrangement for monitoring bees conditions, analyzing obtained data and reporting results to a user; and (e) an arrangement for feeding bees, pest and climate control. The mechanism for removing and inserting the bee frames comprises a frame loader linearly displaceable along at least one hive chamber.

An automatic unit for one or several beehives for commercial or recreational beekeeping including honey production and pollination services comprises: (a) a plurality of bee frames (honeycomb, brood frames and other bee frames) releasably mounted within at least one hive chamber; (b) a mechanism for removing the bee frames from the hive chamber and inserting the bee frames thereinto; (c) an automated honey harvesting arrangement; (d) an arrangement for monitoring bees conditions, analyzing obtained data and reporting results to a user; and (e) an arrangement for feeding bees, pest and climate control. The mechanism for removing and inserting the bee frames comprises a frame loader linearly displaceable along at least one hive chamber.

A beehive treatment system utilizing an oxalic acid vaporization process is used to treat honey bee colonies against the adverse effects of infestation by the Varroa Mite pest. The beehive treatment system includes units having heating chambers configured to vaporize crystalline oxalic acid. Implementations include an air-flow pre heat circuit to prevent crystallization of oxalic acid when treating a beehive.

A beehive treatment system utilizing an oxalic acid vaporization process is used to treat honey bee colonies against the adverse effects of infestation by the Varroa Mite pest. The beehive treatment system includes units having heating chambers configured to vaporize crystalline oxalic acid. Implementations include an air-flow pre heat circuit to prevent crystallization of oxalic acid when treating a beehive.

A replaceable tray for inserting into an exit path of a bee hive includes: (a) a tray body having a base and at least one side wall extending upwardly from the base and surrounding a periphery of the base, the base and the at least one side wall defining an interior of the tray body, and the at least one side wall having an upper end defining an upper rim of the tray body; (b) a removable top bonded to the upper rim for sealing the interior of the tray body; and (c) a powdered plant treatment agent in the interior of the tray body and supported on the base when the tray body is upright.

A replaceable tray for inserting into an exit path of a bee hive includes: (a) a tray body having a base and at least one side wall extending upwardly from the base and surrounding a periphery of the base, the base and the at least one side wall defining an interior of the tray body, and the at least one side wall having an upper end defining an upper rim of the tray body; (b) a removable top bonded to the upper rim for sealing the interior of the tray body; and (c) a powdered plant treatment agent in the interior of the tray body and supported on the base when the tray body is upright.

A beehive system includes a processing system for monitoring and controlling a beehive. The beehive can include a bottom board, one or more boxes, and an outer cover. The one or more boxes can contain bees and bee materials, as well as various components and sensors for monitoring and controlling conditions in the beehive. The beehive can include one or more sensors for monitoring a corresponding one or more conditions inside the beehive, and one or more control elements for manipulating the one or more conditions inside the beehive.

A beehive system includes a processing system for monitoring and controlling a beehive. The beehive can include a bottom board, one or more boxes, and an outer cover. The one or more boxes can contain bees and bee materials, as well as various components and sensors for monitoring and controlling conditions in the beehive. The beehive can include one or more sensors for monitoring a corresponding one or more conditions inside the beehive, and one or more control elements for manipulating the one or more conditions inside the beehive.