The invention provides an electrochemical discharge-assisted micro-grinding device for micro-components of brittle and hard materials. The device includes a micro-grinding tool, grinding fluid, a workpiece, an auxiliary electrode, a processing groove, and a pulsed DC power supply; the processing groove is filled with grinding fluid; the micro-grinding tool, the workpiece, and the auxiliary electrode are immersed in the grinding fluid; the micro-grinding tool is composed of a conductive grinding tool base, an electroplating layer, and insulated superabrasives. The micro-grinding tool is connected to the negative electrode of the pulsed DC power supply; the grinding fluid is composed of H.sub.2O.sub.2, Na.sub.2CO.sub.3, EDTA-Fe-Na, and deionized water; the workpiece material is brittle and hard; a large number of micro structures need to be produced on the surface of the workpiece.

A method for forming a heat exchanger plate includes: securing a wave form metallic sheet to a heat exchanger plate substrate, the substrate comprising a first face and a second face opposite the first face, the securing of the wave form metallic sheet being to the first face; and removing peaks of the sheet.

A method for manufacturing a cooling element (1) for an electrical or electronic component, in particular a semiconductor element, the manufactured cooling element (1) having a cooling fluid channel system through which a cooling fluid can be passed during operation, comprising providing at least a first metal layer (11) realizing at least one recess (21, 22) in the at least one first metal layer (11), and forming at least a partial section of the cooling fluid channel system by means of the at least one recess (21, 22),
wherein at least a first part (21) of the at least one recess (21, 22) in the at least first metal layer (11) is realized by erosion, in particular spark erosion.

A cylinder liner for an internal combustion engine is formed of cylindrical liner body having an interior cavity with a cylindrical inner surface, a sensor embedded in the cylindrical liner body and being configured for sensing a physical condition on the cylindrical inner surface, and a transmitter connected to the cylindrical liner body at a position remote from the sensor. A connecting wire connects the transmitter to the sensor, and is embedded in in the cylindrical liner body. The sensor is located in an upper portion of the cylindrical liner body and the transmitter is located directly below the sensor, such that the wire runs vertically. The transmitter can send information obtained by the sensor to a remote processor for calculating various operating states of the liner.

A cylinder liner for an internal combustion engine is formed of cylindrical liner body having an interior cavity with a cylindrical inner surface, a sensor embedded in the cylindrical liner body and being configured for sensing a physical condition on the cylindrical inner surface, and a transmitter connected to the cylindrical liner body at a position remote from the sensor. A connecting wire connects the transmitter to the sensor, and is embedded in in the cylindrical liner body. The sensor is located in an upper portion of the cylindrical liner body and the transmitter is located directly below the sensor, such that the wire runs vertically. The transmitter can send information obtained by the sensor to a remote processor for calculating various operating states of the liner.

The present application discloses a method for processing probe. Firstly, a clamping member of a rotation shaft is clamped with a workpiece, and then the workpiece is moved to a processed area by the rotation shaft. The workpiece is rotated by the rotation shaft, and an electrochemical process of the workpiece is performed under the rotation of the shaft and an electrolyte sprayed between the workpiece and the polished module. During the performing of the electrochemical process, it can be that the rotation shaft is moved a processing distance or the included angle of the polish module is changed, for a probe being accomplished from the workpiece. Thereby, the abrasion of the polish module is lower and the performance for processing the probe under the electrochemical process.

The present application discloses a method for processing probe. Firstly, a clamping member of a rotation shaft is clamped with a workpiece, and then the workpiece is moved to a processed area by the rotation shaft. The workpiece is rotated by the rotation shaft, and an electrochemical process of the workpiece is performed under the rotation of the shaft and an electrolyte sprayed between the workpiece and the polished module. During the performing of the electrochemical process, it can be that the rotation shaft is moved a processing distance or the included angle of the polish module is changed, for a probe being accomplished from the workpiece. Thereby, the abrasion of the polish module is lower and the performance for processing the probe under the electrochemical process.

A rotary valve can include a housing, a manifold with multiple flow paths can be fixedly mounted to the housing. A rotary actuator with a first surface can be rotatably mounted within the housing, and a valve seat with a second surface can be fixedly attached to the manifold, where the second surface can sealingly engage the first surface. The rotary actuator can include a gap that selectively aligns with respective ones of valve seat ports as the rotary actuator rotates relative to the valve seat, thereby selectively pressurizing one or more actuators. A system and method can include a rotary valve that selectively causes pads to extend at a predetermined orientation in the wellbore to steer a drill bit. The azimuthal orientation of a rotary actuator of the valve can determine which pads are extended and which are retracted as the drill bit rotates.

A rotary valve can include a housing, a manifold with multiple flow paths can be fixedly mounted to the housing. A rotary actuator with a first surface can be rotatably mounted within the housing, and a valve seat with a second surface can be fixedly attached to the manifold, where the second surface can sealingly engage the first surface. The rotary actuator can include a gap that selectively aligns with respective ones of valve seat ports as the rotary actuator rotates relative to the valve seat, thereby selectively pressurizing one or more actuators. A system and method can include a rotary valve that selectively causes pads to extend at a predetermined orientation in the wellbore to steer a drill bit. The azimuthal orientation of a rotary actuator of the valve can determine which pads are extended and which are retracted as the drill bit rotates.

Provided are a silicon ingot slicing apparatus capable of slicing silicon ingots in various forms such as blocks or wafers using microbubbles and wire electric discharge machining.