Physical vapor deposition target assemblies and methods of manufacturing such target assemblies are disclosed. An exemplary target assembly comprises a flow pattern including a plurality of arcs and bends fluidly connected to an inlet end and an outlet end.

A material feeder in an additive manufacturing apparatus according to one embodiment includes a feeding unit. The feeding unit includes a container capable of containing a powdery material, a first wall that is provided with a plurality of openings communicated with the container and that at least partially covers a region onto which the material is fed, and an opening-closing part capable of individually opening and closing the openings, the feeding unit forming a layer of the material on at least a part of the region by feeding the material inside the container onto the region from at least one of the openings that is opened by the opening-closing part.

The present invention relates to a powder composed of spherical noble-metal particles having a particle size distribution with a d.sub.10 value of 10.0 m and a d.sub.90 value of 80.0 m.

A powder material includes spherical metal particles and a spaced-apart distribution of ceramic nanoparticles attached to the surfaces of the particles.

A multi-material component joined by a high entropy alloy is provided, as well as methods of making a multi-material component by joining dissimilar materials with high entropy alloys.

The invention relates to a process for producing a pipe fitting (10), for example a reduction piece, a pipe elbow or a branch, wherein a metallic material (11) is melted by heating, and wherein a plurality of material layers (12) is produced in a successive manner from the melted material (11), wherein the in each case produced material layer (12) is materially bonded to the in each case previous material layer (12), and wherein the pipe fitting (10) is formed from the material layers (12) bonded to one another. The pipe fitting (10) is produced by buildup welding, for example arc welding or beam welding.

An additively manufactured three-dimensional article includes layers successively built up from a metal powder by an additive manufacturing process by scanning a selected portion of the metal powder with electromagnetic radiation, and an anti-counterfeiting mark formed in at least one layer of the layers during the additive manufacturing process.

An optical manufacturing process sensing and status indication system is taught that is able to utilize optical emissions from a manufacturing process to infer the state of the process. In one case, it is able to use these optical emissions to distinguish thermal phenomena on two timescales and to perform feature extraction and classification so that nominal process conditions may be uniquely distinguished from off-nominal process conditions at a given instant in time or over a sequential series of instants in time occurring over the duration of the manufacturing process. In other case, it is able to utilize these optical emissions to derive corresponding spectra and identify features within those spectra so that nominal process conditions may be uniquely distinguished from off-nominal process conditions at a given instant in time or over a sequential series of instants in time occurring over the duration of the manufacturing process.

A method, apparatus, and system are provided to monitor and characterize the dynamics of a phase change region (PCR) created during laser welding, specifically keyhole welding, and other material modification processes, using low-coherence interferometry. By directing a measurement beam to multiple locations within and overlapping with the PCR, the system, apparatus, and method are used to determine, in real time, spatial and temporal characteristics of the weld such as keyhole depth, length, width, shape and whether the keyhole is unstable, closes or collapses. This information is important in determining the quality and material properties of a completed finished weld. It can also be used with feedback to modify the material modification process in real time.

An additive manufacturing system and method for forming a part of dissimilar materials. The additive manufacturing system may include a build platform, a recoater for dispensing build powder onto the build platform, an energy source, a foil feed assembly, and a controller for controlling actuation of these components. The method of forming the part may include the steps of depositing a layer of build powder onto the build platform surface, melting selected portions of the layer of build powder, applying a sheet of foil over the layer of build powder, melting selected portions of the sheet of foil onto the layer of build powder, removing the sheet of foil from the layer of build powder, and then lowering the build platform surface to prepare for deposition of a next layer of the build powder. These steps are then repeated one or more times, thereby forming the part.