A swaged interface includes a male element that includes a male cavity defined by at least one male sidewall, and a plurality of first openings defined in the at least one male sidewall. The swaged interface also includes a female element that includes a female cavity defined by at least one female sidewall, and a plurality of second openings defined in the at least one female sidewall. The female element has an inner cross section sized to receive the male element such that each of the first openings is aligned with a respective one of the second openings. The inner cross section is formed by swaging.

A method of reducing stress concentration in a material subjected to a predominant stress in a direction parallel to an axial plane defined through an axis of a circular cylindrical hole in the material between a first material surface and a second material surface, the material having a material thickness defined between the first material surface and the second material surface, the method comprising: forming a first proximal recess in the first material surface on the axial plane having a depth less than the material thickness, the first proximal recess having an outer edge spaced a first proximal dimension in the axial plane from a first rim of the hole; and forming a second proximal recess in the second material surface on the axial plane having a depth less than the material thickness, the second proximal recess having an outer edge spaced a second proximal dimension in the axial plane from a second rim of the hole, wherein the first proximal dimension on the first material surface is diametrically opposite, relative to the hole, to the second proximal dimension on the second material surface.

A constructing-and-forging method for preparing homogenized forged pieces comprises: preparing preformed billets: cutting off a plurality of continuous casting billets, milling and smoothing surfaces of the billets to be welded, performing vacuum plasma cleaning operation to the surfaces to be welded, stacking the plurality of billets and sealing around the surfaces in a vacuum chamber by electron beam welding; forge-welding and homogenizing the preformed billets: heating the preformed billets to a certain temperature in a heating furnace and taking the heated preformed billets out of the heating furnace, forging the preformed billets by a hydraulic press, then using three-dimensional forging to disperse the welded surfaces such that composition, structure and inclusion of the interface areas are at the same level as those of the bodies of the billets. Cheap continuous casting billets are stacked and forge welded.

A constructing-and-forging method for preparing homogenized forged pieces comprises: preparing preformed billets: cutting off a plurality of continuous casting billets, milling and smoothing surfaces of the billets to be welded, performing vacuum plasma cleaning operation to the surfaces to be welded, stacking the plurality of billets and sealing around the surfaces in a vacuum chamber by electron beam welding; forge-welding and homogenizing the preformed billets: heating the preformed billets to a certain temperature in a heating furnace and taking the heated preformed billets out of the heating furnace, forging the preformed billets by a hydraulic press, then using three-dimensional forging to disperse the welded surfaces such that composition, structure and inclusion of the interface areas are at the same level as those of the bodies of the billets. Cheap continuous casting billets are stacked and forge welded.

The present disclosure provides three-dimensional structures and related methods. The three-dimensional structures may define patterns of positive and negative spaces on opposing surfaces that combine to form the three-dimensional structures. The negative spaces of the patterns may intersect to form apertures through the three-dimensional structures, which may define linear or non-linear paths therethrough. The apertures may be configured to provide desirable characteristics with respect to light, sound, and fluid travel therethrough. Further, the three-dimensional structures may be configured to define desired stiffness, weight, and/or flexibility. The three-dimensional structures may be employed in embodiments including heat sinks, housings, speaker or vent covers, springs, etc.

The present disclosure provides three-dimensional structures and related methods. The three-dimensional structures may define patterns of positive and negative spaces on opposing surfaces that combine to form the three-dimensional structures. The negative spaces of the patterns may intersect to form apertures through the three-dimensional structures, which may define linear or non-linear paths therethrough. The apertures may be configured to provide desirable characteristics with respect to light, sound, and fluid travel therethrough. Further, the three-dimensional structures may be configured to define desired stiffness, weight, and/or flexibility. The three-dimensional structures may be employed in embodiments including heat sinks, housings, speaker or vent covers, springs, etc.

A method for producing a structural component including the following steps: a) forming of the structural component; b) removing material from the structural component; c) thermal treatment of the structural component following step b; d) removing further material from the structural component following step c.

A process of manufacturing a PEAK racket includes the steps of taking a substrate layer, where the substrate layer is adapted to a PEAK racket; cutting a first filling space at a middle of the substrate layer, and filling a low-density material in the first filling space; cutting a second filling space at an upper side of the substrate layer, and filling a high-density material in the second filling space; respectively attaching and fastening a panel on each of two surfaces of the substrate layer, to obtain a semi-finished product; and drilling at a middle of the semi-finished product to form a plurality of through holes that are used for reducing wind resistance, wherein each through hole runs through outer side surfaces of the two panels. There is further provided the step of wrapping an edge of the racket, and mounting a handle.

A process of manufacturing a PEAK racket includes the steps of taking a substrate layer, where the substrate layer is adapted to a PEAK racket; cutting a first filling space at a middle of the substrate layer, and filling a low-density material in the first filling space; cutting a second filling space at an upper side of the substrate layer, and filling a high-density material in the second filling space; respectively attaching and fastening a panel on each of two surfaces of the substrate layer, to obtain a semi-finished product; and drilling at a middle of the semi-finished product to form a plurality of through holes that are used for reducing wind resistance, wherein each through hole runs through outer side surfaces of the two panels. There is further provided the step of wrapping an edge of the racket, and mounting a handle.

A method of creating a wood-based false stone for producing unique decorative cutouts and jewelry includes collecting a plurality of stems from a plant, cutting each of the plurality of stems to a uniform length, and debarking each of the plurality of stems. The debarked plurality of stems is then dyed, dried completely, and saturated with a resin. The saturated plurality of stems is placed in a mold and compressed. The compressed plurality of stems is removed from the mold and cut into a plurality of slices, each of which is in turn shaped into a plurality of cutouts.