Provided are a quartz glass member with an increased exposure area, which has an increased exposure area to a film formation treatment gas as compared to a member having a flat surface and has the increased exposure area controlled so that a constant adsorption amount of the film formation treatment gas onto a surface thereof is achieved, a method for manufacturing the quartz glass member with an increased exposure area, and a blade with multiple peripheral cutting edges to be used for the method. The quartz glass member with an increased exposure area is a quartz glass member for exposure to a film formation treatment gas to be, in film formation treatment of a semiconductor substrate, placed in a reaction chamber together with the semiconductor substrate to be subjected to the film formation treatment and exposed to the film formation treatment gas, the quartz glass member including: a quartz glass member main body; and a plurality of irregularities formed on a surface of the quartz glass member main body, the exposure area of the quartz glass member to the film formation treatment gas being controlled and increased.

Provided are a quartz glass member with an increased exposure area, which has an increased exposure area to a film formation treatment gas as compared to a member having a flat surface and has the increased exposure area controlled so that a constant adsorption amount of the film formation treatment gas onto a surface thereof is achieved, a method for manufacturing the quartz glass member with an increased exposure area, and a blade with multiple peripheral cutting edges to be used for the method. The quartz glass member with an increased exposure area is a quartz glass member for exposure to a film formation treatment gas to be, in film formation treatment of a semiconductor substrate, placed in a reaction chamber together with the semiconductor substrate to be subjected to the film formation treatment and exposed to the film formation treatment gas, the quartz glass member including: a quartz glass member main body; and a plurality of irregularities formed on a surface of the quartz glass member main body, the exposure area of the quartz glass member to the film formation treatment gas being controlled and increased.

A workpiece grinding method includes a first grinding step of grinding a part of a back surface corresponding to a device region of a workpiece using a first grinding wheel to form a first circular recess and an annular projecting part in the back surface, and a second grinding step of grinding at least a bottom surface of the first circular recess using a second grinding wheel including a grindstone having a particle diameter smaller than that of the first grinding wheel. In the first grinding step, the bottom surface of the first circular recess is ground into a concentrical shape differing in thickness in a radial direction from a center to a circumference of the first circular recess. In the second grinding step, the bottom surface of the first circular recess is ground to have a uniform thickness, thereby forming a second circular recess.

A workpiece grinding method includes a first grinding step of grinding a part of a back surface corresponding to a device region of a workpiece using a first grinding wheel to form a first circular recess and an annular projecting part in the back surface, and a second grinding step of grinding at least a bottom surface of the first circular recess using a second grinding wheel including a grindstone having a particle diameter smaller than that of the first grinding wheel. In the first grinding step, the bottom surface of the first circular recess is ground into a concentrical shape differing in thickness in a radial direction from a center to a circumference of the first circular recess. In the second grinding step, the bottom surface of the first circular recess is ground to have a uniform thickness, thereby forming a second circular recess.

A manually operable pump for the effective removal of fluids to include blood, blood clots, fluid, and air from a body cavity of a subject is provided. The manually operable pump is adapted to be connect to a range of fluid conduits and is equipped with one-way valves that effectively permit flow of fluid through the pump in only one direction. The sensitivity of the one-way valves is such that when properly positioned, fluid can flow through the valves and out of the pump without manual compression of the pump and with the aid of gravity power alone.

A manually operable pump for the effective removal of fluids to include blood, blood clots, fluid, and air from a body cavity of a subject is provided. The manually operable pump is adapted to be connect to a range of fluid conduits and is equipped with one-way valves that effectively permit flow of fluid through the pump in only one direction. The sensitivity of the one-way valves is such that when properly positioned, fluid can flow through the valves and out of the pump without manual compression of the pump and with the aid of gravity power alone.

An abrasive tool has an abrasive grain layer comprising a plurality of hard abrasive grains bonded by a binder, with a plurality of the hard abrasive grains each having a working surface formed to contact a workpiece, a ratio of a total area of a plurality of such working surfaces to an area of an imaginary plane smoothly connecting the plurality of working surfaces being 5% or more and 30% or less.

An abrasive tool has an abrasive grain layer comprising a plurality of hard abrasive grains bonded by a binder, with a plurality of the hard abrasive grains each having a working surface formed to contact a workpiece, a ratio of a total area of a plurality of such working surfaces to an area of an imaginary plane smoothly connecting the plurality of working surfaces being 5% or more and 30% or less.

A mirror finishing method for forming a mirror surface on a workpiece with a mirror finishing tool including a conically shaped cutting tool made of polycrystalline diamond or cubic boron nitride that is attached to a distal end of a shank, performs mirror polishing by abutting a conical surface of the cutting tool against a machined surface of the workpiece with the shank tilted with respect to the machined surface of the workpiece.

A manually operable pump for the effective removal of fluids to include blood, blood clots, fluid, and air from a body cavity of a subject is provided. The manually operable pump is adapted to be connect to a range of fluid conduits and is equipped with one-way valves that effectively permit flow of fluid through the pump in only one direction. The sensitivity of the one-way valves is such that when properly positioned, fluid can flow through the valves and out of the pump without manual compression of the pump and with the aid of gravity power alone.