A floor polishing or grinding pad assembly is provided. In one aspect, a polishing or grinding pad assembly employs a fibrous pad, a reinforcement layer or ring, and multiple floor-contacting disks. In another aspect, the reinforcement layer includes a central hole through which the fibrous pad is accessible and the fibrous pad at the hole has a linear dimension greater than a linear dimension of one side of the adjacent reinforcement layer. In yet another aspect, at least one of the floor-contacting disks has an angle offset from that of a base surface of the disk, the fibrous pad and/or the reinforcement layer. A further aspect employs a smaller set of disks alternating between and/or offset from a larger set of the disks. In another aspect, the reinforcement layer includes a wavy or undulating internal edge shape.

A floor polishing or grinding pad assembly is provided. In one aspect, a polishing or grinding pad assembly employs a fibrous pad, a reinforcement layer or ring, and multiple floor-contacting disks. In another aspect, the reinforcement layer includes a central hole through which the fibrous pad is accessible and the fibrous pad at the hole has a linear dimension greater than a linear dimension of one side of the adjacent reinforcement layer. In yet another aspect, at least one of the floor-contacting disks has an angle offset from that of a base surface of the disk, the fibrous pad and/or the reinforcement layer. A further aspect employs a smaller set of disks alternating between and/or offset from a larger set of the disks. In another aspect, the reinforcement layer includes a wavy or undulating internal edge shape.

An article includes a polishing layer that includes a plurality of raised cells separated by a plurality of channels. Each of the plurality of raised cells includes a microstructured working surface, a substantially vertical channel surface, and an offset surface between an edge of the working surface and an upper edge of the channel surface. The microstructured working surface includes a plurality of microstructures. Tops of the plurality of microstructures define a top plane and bases of the plurality of microstructures define a base plane. The substantially vertical channel surface defines a wall of a channel of the plurality of channels and the channel surface defines a channel plane. The offset surface includes a nonplanar portion of displaced material. The displaced material defines a displacement plane that is below the base plane or within a tolerance of the top plane.

The present invention includes an abrasive tool comprising a substrate and plurality of abrasive grains arranged in a pseudo-random pattern on the substrate. The abrasive grains cover in the range of 10% to 30% of the substrate surface, and in some instances, the arrangement of abrasive grains demonstrate improved orientation independence and homogeneity in distribution of abrasive grains.

The present invention includes an abrasive tool comprising a substrate and plurality of abrasive grains arranged in a pseudo-random pattern on the substrate. The abrasive grains cover in the range of 10% to 30% of the substrate surface, and in some instances, the arrangement of abrasive grains demonstrate improved orientation independence and homogeneity in distribution of abrasive grains.

A method of making magnetizable abrasive particles includes providing a slurry layer disposed on a substrate. The slurry layer has an exposed surface and comprises magnetic particles, a binder precursor, and a liquid vehicle. Abrasive particles are electrostatically contacted with the slurry layer such that they are aligned substantially oriented perpendicular to the surface of the substrate, and are partially embedded within the slurry layer. The liquid vehicle is at least partially removed from the slurry layer and the binder precursor is converted into a binder to provide a magnetizable layer comprising the magnetic particles partially embedded in the binder. The magnetizable abrasive particles are separated from the releasable substrate. Each magnetizable abrasive particle respectively comprises a portion of the magnetizable layer disposed on a portion of an abrasive particle.

A method of making magnetizable abrasive particles includes providing a slurry layer disposed on a substrate. The slurry layer has an exposed surface and comprises magnetic particles, a binder precursor, and a liquid vehicle. Abrasive particles are electrostatically contacted with the slurry layer such that they are aligned substantially oriented perpendicular to the surface of the substrate, and are partially embedded within the slurry layer. The liquid vehicle is at least partially removed from the slurry layer and the binder precursor is converted into a binder to provide a magnetizable layer comprising the magnetic particles partially embedded in the binder. The magnetizable abrasive particles are separated from the releasable substrate. Each magnetizable abrasive particle respectively comprises a portion of the magnetizable layer disposed on a portion of an abrasive particle.

Surface treatment articles, systems for making/loading surface treatment articles, and methods of making surface treatment articles are described. In embodiments the surface treatment articles are configured to be impregnated or otherwise loaded with a surface treatment liquid that includes a carrier and an active agent. The carrier may be or include water, and the active agent may be or include dissolved ozone, ozone degradation products, and/or ozone reaction products. The surface treatment liquid may contain a threshold concentration of active agent for a residence time that is sufficient for desired cleaning, disinfecting, and/or polishing applications.

Surface treatment articles, systems for making/loading surface treatment articles, and methods of making surface treatment articles are described. In embodiments the surface treatment articles are configured to be impregnated or otherwise loaded with a surface treatment liquid that includes a carrier and an active agent. The carrier may be or include water, and the active agent may be or include dissolved ozone, ozone degradation products, and/or ozone reaction products. The surface treatment liquid may contain a threshold concentration of active agent for a residence time that is sufficient for desired cleaning, disinfecting, and/or polishing applications.

A coated abrasive article maker apparatus is disclosed comprising a first web path comprising a production tool and a second web path configured for a resin coated backing. The second web path is configured to guide the resin coated backing through the coated abrasive article maker apparatus with the resin layer positioned facing the dispensing surface. An abrasive particle feeder is positioned along the first web path and is configured to dispense abrasive particles onto the dispensing surface such that abrasive particles are removably disposed within cavities of the production tool. Abrasive particles are transferred from the plurality of cavities to the resin layer of the resin coated backing when the production tool is positioned adjacent the resin coated backing.