Disclosed herein are purified surfactant formulations including purified short-chain fluorosurfactant and iodide additive and a two-part coating kit having the same and a silver nanowire formulation.

The present invention provides a haloolefin-based composition comprising a highly-stable haloolefin in which decomposition and oxidization are inhibited, and the haloolefin-based composition being used for at least one application selected from the group consisting of heat transfer media, refrigerants, foaming agents, solvents, cleaning agents, propellants, and fire extinguishers. The present invention relates to a haloolefin-based composition comprising a haloolefin and water and being used for at least one application selected from the group consisting of heat transfer media, refrigerants, foaming agents, solvents, cleaning agents, propellants, and fire extinguishers. The haloolefin-based composition comprising a haloolefin and water is used for at least one application selected from the group consisting of heat transfer media, refrigerants, foaming agents, solvents, cleaning agents, propellants, and fire extinguishers.

The present invention relates to a method for producing mineral oil from underground mineral oil deposits, in which an aqueous formulation comprising at least a mixture of alkyl ether carboxylate and corresponding alkyl ether alcohol, where the alkyl ether carboxylate has been prepared from the alkyl ether alcohol and the molar ratio in the mixture of alkyl ether carboxylate:alkyl ether alcohol is from 51:49 to 92:8, is injected through at least one injection well into a mineral oil deposit, where the deposit has a deposit temperature of 55 C. to 150 C., a crude oil having more than 20 API and a deposit water having more than 100 ppm of divalent cations, and crude oil is withdrawn through at least one production well from the deposit. The invention further relates to the preparation of the mixture and to a concentrate comprising the mixture.

A solution containing an ionic liquid, a polymer compound including at least one of a hydrolyzable polymer compound and a thermally-decomposable polymer compound, and a laminate of layered substances is irradiated with at least one of sonic waves and radio waves. Alternatively, a solution containing an ionic liquid, a polymer compound including at least one of a hydrolyzable polymer compound and a thermally-decomposable polymer compound, and a laminate of layered substances is heated.

Provided is a method for decolorizing and optionally neutralizing a rhamnolipid composition comprising treating said composition with a percarbonate salt as well as the decolorized and optionally neutralized composition obtainable therefrom. Also provided is a method for improving the quality of wastewater generated during said method.

Provided is a crude oil dispersion stabilizer containing a vinyl alcohol-based polymer, wherein a degree of saponification of the vinyl alcohol-based polymer is greater than 70 mol % and 82 mol % or less, and the total content of carboxyl groups and lactone rings is 0.02 to 1 mol % relative to all structural units of the vinyl alcohol-based polymer. According to this, there is provided a crude oil dispersion stabilizer capable of dispersing or emulsifying a highly viscous crude oil, thereby reducing the viscosity and allowing the resulting crude oil dispersion liquid or emulsion to be present stably for a long time.

The present invention is directed to surfactants with small hydrophobes, which are of non-conventional hydrophobe size. The surfactants of the present invention utilize a small hydrophobic moiety with a polvalkoxylate chain comprising PO, BO and/or EO groups, with optional ionic groups, such as anionic, cationic and zwitterionic, to achieve the desired hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB). The present invention is further directed to formulations comprising the surfactants of the invention, and methods of using the surfactants of the invention, including in enhanced oil recovery applications.

A carboxylic acid or sulfonic acid salt containing a plurality of carbonyl groups, and a surfactant represented by the following formula:

R.sup.1C(O)R.sup.2C(O)R.sup.3-A

wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are as defined herein, and A is COOX or SO.sub.3X, wherein X is H, a metal atom, NR.sup.4.sub.4, imidazolium optionally containing a substituent, pyridinium optionally containing a substituent, or phosphonium optionally containing a substituent, where R.sup.4s are each H or an organic group and are the same as or different from each other; and any two of R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 optionally bind to each other to form a ring.

The polymerization stability and the chemical stability and the water resistance of resin films are improved. A surfactant composition according to an embodiment contains a surfactant (A) represented by general formula (1) and an anionic surfactant (B) having a hydrophobic group different from that of the surfactant (A). R.sup.1 represents an alkyl group with 8 to 14 carbon atoms, A represents an alkylene group with 2 to 4 carbon atoms, and n representing an average number of moles of an oxyalkylene group added represents 1 to 100. ##STR00001##

Polymeric block copolymer dispersants made by controlled radical polymerization are disclosed that include polyacrylate solubilizing segments and styrene-maleic anhydride particulate anchoring segments. Desirably, a large percentage of the maleic anhydride units are reacted with an aminic reactant of 4 to 30 carbon atoms with 2 to 10 nitrogen atoms wherein at least one nitrogen is primary and the other is tertiary or three times bonded to carbon atoms.