Herein disclosed is a method of printing a 3D freeform structure in an embedding medium. The method includes providing an ink composition in a nozzle, wherein the ink composition includes a thermoplastic, a non-thermoplastic, a thermally degradable polymer, and/or a thermosensitive polymer, dissolved in a solvent; dispensing the ink composition through a nozzle into the embedding medium to precipitate a printed structure from the ink composition, wherein the ink composition exits from the nozzle directly in the embedding medium; and maintaining the printed structure in the embedding medium until the immersion precipitation is completed for forming the 3D freeform structure. A system operable to carry out the method is also disclosed. The system includes a syringe coupled to a nozzle.

A composite material is formed by combining an expandable polymer having a charge with another polymer having an opposite charge to produce. In particular, the composite material can be prepared by combining the polymers with a medium such as and water, and expanding the mixture using a treatment that expands the mixture to produce, for example, insoluble porous foam-like composite.

A package structure includes a die and a first encapsulant. The first encapsulant surrounds the die. The first encapsulant includes a first polymeric material and a first material network in the first polymeric material. The first material network comprises a first cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) and a first 2D material, and the first 2D material has an in-plane thermal conductivity greater than a thermal conductivity of the first polymeric material.

Provided are a foamed resin insulation material and a method for manufacturing the foamed resin insulation material that can reduce difference in a linear expansion coefficient between a metal and the foamed resin insulation material, reduce generation of thermal stress in the foamed resin insulation material as much as possible, and can prevent crack formation. The foamed resin insulation material is formed of a resin foam-molded body obtained by foam-molding an unfoamed resin material mixed with a negative thermal expansion material having a volume that is contracted when a temperature rises and is expanded when a temperature falls. Fiber sheets each composed of intersecting warp yarns and weft yarns are integrated with the resin foam-molded body at inner and outer faces.

Three-dimensional printing kits can include a powder bed material and a fusing agent to selectively apply to the powder bed material. The powder bed material can include polymer build particles and cellulose particles. The cellulose particles can be chemically and thermally stable at a melting point temperature of the polymer build particles. The fusing agent can include water and a radiation absorber to absorb radiation energy and convert the radiation energy to heat.