A method involving administering to a phloem sap-feeding insect one or more dsRNAs capable of suppressing activity of one or more RNAi-suppressing nuclease genes expressed in the gut of the insect and one or more dsRNAs capable of suppressing one or more osmoregulatory genes expressed by the insect.

Disclosed herein is a nano-coating platform that is designed to ‘capture’ and ‘kill’ (i.e. inactivate) virus species to prevent surface to surface contamination/transmission and thereby the spread of novel viruses. The platform is comprised of alternating layers of charged polymers (producing a multi-layer coating). The cationic layer may be grafted with oligomeric species, chosen to bind strongly to unique/specific virus surface features, thereby mediating capture of the virus (with the choice of oligomeric species allowing generalization to a given virus). Natural light (excitation) to UV (local emission) up-converting nanoparticles are seeded into the anionic layer and mediate the inactivation (‘killing’) of the bound virus species.

Disclosed herein is a nano-coating platform that is designed to ‘capture’ and ‘kill’ (i.e. inactivate) virus species to prevent surface to surface contamination/transmission and thereby the spread of novel viruses. The platform is comprised of alternating layers of charged polymers (producing a multi-layer coating). The cationic layer may be grafted with oligomeric species, chosen to bind strongly to unique/specific virus surface features, thereby mediating capture of the virus (with the choice of oligomeric species allowing generalization to a given virus). Natural light (excitation) to UV (local emission) up-converting nanoparticles are seeded into the anionic layer and mediate the inactivation (‘killing’) of the bound virus species.

Methods of fabricating a natural substance may include obtaining a particulate silica including perlite, preparing a liquid formula having at least one essential oil and preparing the natural substance by applying the liquid formula to the particulate silica.

The invention provides isolated Erwinia persicina strains with activity against: a) at least one Xanthomonas species, and/or b) at least one Brassicaceae pathogen. In particular the invention provides the isolated E. persicina strains deposited as DSM 32302, DSM 32304, DSM 32305 and DSM 32303. The invention provides compositions comprising one or more strains of the invention. The invention also provides methods of use of one or more strains or compositions of the inventions to control plant pathogens, particularly Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris.

The invention provides isolated Erwinia persicina strains with activity against: a) at least one Xanthomonas species, and/or b) at least one Brassicaceae pathogen. In particular the invention provides the isolated E. persicina strains deposited as DSM 32302, DSM 32304, DSM 32305 and DSM 32303. The invention provides compositions comprising one or more strains of the invention. The invention also provides methods of use of one or more strains or compositions of the inventions to control plant pathogens, particularly Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris.

A medical fluid suspension generating apparatus for performing medical procedures includes a Venturi-agitating tip assembly composed of a multi-channel arrangement at a proximal first end thereof and a tip at a distal second end thereof. The apparatus also includes a compressed medical fluid unit fluidly connected to the multi-channel arrangement at a proximal first end of the Venturi-agitating tip assembly and a medical solution fluidly connected to the multi-channel arrangement at a proximal first end of the Venturi-agitating tip assembly. Pressurized sclerosant or other chemical medical solution, from the compressed medical fluid unit, and the medical solution of sclerosant or other chemical medical solution are combined within the Venturi-agitating tip assembly in a manner generating an enriched medical suspension that is ultimately dispensed from the suspension delivery apparatus to spray or wash the inner wall of a lumen.

A medical fluid suspension generating apparatus for performing medical procedures includes a Venturi-agitating tip assembly composed of a multi-channel arrangement at a proximal first end thereof and a tip at a distal second end thereof. The apparatus also includes a compressed medical fluid unit fluidly connected to the multi-channel arrangement at a proximal first end of the Venturi-agitating tip assembly and a medical solution fluidly connected to the multi-channel arrangement at a proximal first end of the Venturi-agitating tip assembly. Pressurized sclerosant or other chemical medical solution, from the compressed medical fluid unit, and the medical solution of sclerosant or other chemical medical solution are combined within the Venturi-agitating tip assembly in a manner generating an enriched medical suspension that is ultimately dispensed from the suspension delivery apparatus to spray or wash the inner wall of a lumen.

This invention relates to heterocyclic red azo colorants for seed treatment applications. The red azo colorants contain a heterocycle that includes one nitrogen atom and one sulfur atom and are free from electron-withdrawing groups on the heterocycle. Seeds for use in horticultural/agriculture applications that are coated with the heterocyclic azo colorants provide anti-counterfeiting properties to the coated seeds. A color change phenomenon is observed when the coated seeds are exposed to an acidic material, such as vinegar, and provides evidence of the authenticity of the coated seeds. The invention also relates to agricultural formulations containing the heterocyclic red azo colorants that can be used as an anti-counterfeit agents.

The present invention relates to a method of improving growth of plants and/or improving germination of plants by applying flonicamid to said plant or plant propagation material or the locus thereof.