According to one embodiment, a glass-ceramic composition may include from about 60 mol. % to about 75 mol. % SiO.sub.2; from about 5 mol. % to about 10 mol. % Al.sub.2O.sub.3; from about 2 mol. % to about 20 mol. % alkali oxide R.sub.2O, the alkali oxide R.sub.2O including Li.sub.2O and Na.sub.2O; and from 0 mol. % to about 5 mol. % alkaline earth oxide RO, the alkaline earth oxide RO including MgO. A ratio of Al.sub.2O.sub.3 (mol. %) to the sum of (R.sub.2O (mol. %)+RO (mol. %)) may be less than 1 in the glass-ceramic composition. A major crystalline phase of the glass-ceramic composition may be Li.sub.2Si.sub.2O.sub.5. A liquidus viscosity of the glass-ceramic composition may be greater than 35 kP. The glass-ceramic composition may be used to form the glass clad layer(s) of a laminated glass article.

According to one embodiment, a glass-ceramic composition may include from about 60 mol. % to about 75 mol. % SiO.sub.2; from about 5 mol. % to about 10 mol. % Al.sub.2O.sub.3; from about 2 mol. % to about 20 mol. % alkali oxide R.sub.2O, the alkali oxide R.sub.2O including Li.sub.2O and Na.sub.2O; and from 0 mol. % to about 5 mol. % alkaline earth oxide RO, the alkaline earth oxide RO including MgO. A ratio of Al.sub.2O.sub.3 (mol. %) to the sum of (R.sub.2O (mol. %)+RO (mol. %)) may be less than 1 in the glass-ceramic composition. A major crystalline phase of the glass-ceramic composition may be Li.sub.2Si.sub.2O.sub.5. A liquidus viscosity of the glass-ceramic composition may be greater than 35 kP. The glass-ceramic composition may be used to form the glass clad layer(s) of a laminated glass article.

Disclosed are a hybrid structure using a graphene-carbon nanotube and a perovskite solar cell using the same. The hybrid structure includes a graphene-carbon nanotube formed by laminating a second graphene coated with a polymer on an upper surface of a first graphene coated with a carbon nanotube. The perovskite solar cell includes: a substrate; a first electrode formed on the substrate and including a fluorine doped thin oxide (FTO); an electron transfer layer formed on the first electrode and including a compact-titanium oxide (c-TiO.sub.2); a mesoporous-titanium oxide (m-TiO.sub.2) formed on the electron transfer layer; a perovskite layer formed on the m-TiO.sub.2 and including a perovskite compound; and a graphene-carbon nanotube hybrid structure formed on the perovskite layer.

A carrier substrate to be used, when manufacturing a member for an electronic device on a surface of a substrate, by being bonded to the substrate, includes at least a first glass substrate. The first glass substrate has a compaction described below of 80 ppm or less. Compaction is a shrinkage in a case of subjecting the first glass substrate to a temperature raising from a room temperature at 100° C./hour and to a heat treatment at 600° C. for 80 minutes, and then to a cooling to the room temperature at 100° C./hour.

A carrier substrate to be used, when manufacturing a member for an electronic device on a surface of a substrate, by being bonded to the substrate, includes at least a first glass substrate. The first glass substrate has a compaction described below of 80 ppm or less. Compaction is a shrinkage in a case of subjecting the first glass substrate to a temperature raising from a room temperature at 100° C./hour and to a heat treatment at 600° C. for 80 minutes, and then to a cooling to the room temperature at 100° C./hour.

An intermediate transfer member (ITM) for use with a printing system, the ITM having (a) a support layer; and (b) a release layer having an ink reception surface and a second surface opposing the ink reception surface, the second surface attached to the support layer, the release layer formed of an addition-cured, hydrophobic silicone material, wherein the release surface of the release layer has relatively hydrophilic properties with respect to the addition-cured, hydrophobic silicone material.

Embodiments of a curved vehicle display including a display module having a display surface, a curved glass substrate disposed on the display surface having a first major surface, a second major surface having a second surface area, and a thickness in a range from 0.05 mm to 2 mm, wherein the second major surface comprises a first radius of curvature of 200 mm or greater, wherein, when the display module emits a light, the light transmitted through the glass substrate has a substantially uniform color along 75% or more of the second surface area, when viewed at a viewing angle at a distance of 0.5 meters from the second surface. Methods of forming a curved vehicle display are also disclosed.

A structure that forms a visual representation may include a first outer layer, a second outer layer, and an interlayer being disposed between the first outer layer and the second outer layer. The interlayer may have a first side adjacent to the first outer layer and a second side adjacent to the second outer layer. The interlayer includes a plurality of cuts extending from the first side of the interlayer towards the second side of the interlayer. Each of the plurality of cuts may have an angle with respect to a plane formed by a surface of the first side of the interlayer. Each angle for at least a portion of the plurality of cuts is based on one or more pixel values of at least one image that forms the basis of the visual representation.

A structure that forms a visual representation may include a first outer layer, a second outer layer, and an interlayer being disposed between the first outer layer and the second outer layer. The interlayer may have a first side adjacent to the first outer layer and a second side adjacent to the second outer layer. The interlayer includes a plurality of cuts extending from the first side of the interlayer towards the second side of the interlayer. Each of the plurality of cuts may have an angle with respect to a plane formed by a surface of the first side of the interlayer. Each angle for at least a portion of the plurality of cuts is based on one or more pixel values of at least one image that forms the basis of the visual representation.

To improve the visibility of the HUD virtual image in a head-up display system for vehicles, where p-polarized visible light is incident on laminated glass from the vehicle interior side.

This head-up display system is a head-up display system for vehicles, which has a light source that emits p-polarized visible light, and laminated glass to which the p-polarized visible light is incident from the vehicle interior side, and which displays a virtual image on the vehicle exterior side of the laminated glass, wherein the laminated glass is provided with a p-polarized light reflecting member in a region where the p-polarized visible light is incident, the incident angle of the p-polarized visible light to the vehicle interior side surface of the laminated glass is at least 42 deg and at most 72 deg, the laminated glass has a visible light reflectance of the p-polarized light of at least 5% when the incident angle is 57 deg, the virtual image includes a main image observed with the highest luminance and a subsidiary image observed with a lower luminance than the main image, and the ratio of the reflectance of the subsidiary image to the reflectance of the main image is at most 30% within the entire range of the incident angle.