Disclosed are an optical structure, and a camera module and an electronic device including the same. The optical structure includes a transparent substrate; a first moisture-proof layer disposed on the transparent substrate and including a first organic material having moisture-proof properties; and a first near-infrared absorbing layer disposed between the transparent substrate and the first moisture-proof layer and including a copper complex, wherein the first organic material having moisture-proof properties has a water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) of less than or equal to about 100 g/m.sup.2/day measured at a thickness of 100 m.

A formed body includes a base material, an adhesive layer, and a cellulose acylate film. The base material is formed of a thermoplastic resin and is in the form of a transparent sheet. The adhesive layer bonds the base material and the cellulose acylate film. The cellulose acylate film has a thickness in a range of 15 m or more and 100 m or less, and is formed of cellulose acylate including an ester oligomer or a sugar ester derivative.

An article of manufacture formed by a three-dimensional printing process that uses multiple build materials with different optical properties (e.g., color, opacity, and the like) at different surface depths to achieve grayscale-rendered images on exterior surfaces thereof.

An absorbent composite of the present disclosure includes an aggregate of small pieces containing fibers and a water absorbent resin, in which an average value of a BET specific surface area of the small pieces is 0.70 m.sup.2/g or more and 1.50 m.sup.2/g or less. It is preferable that a bulk density of the aggregate is 0.01 g/cm.sup.3 or more and 0.50 g/cm.sup.3 or less. In addition, it is preferable that the small piece has a plurality of fiber base materials containing the fibers, and the water absorbent resin is provided between the plurality of the fiber base materials.

Provided is a tempered glass sheet, including: a compressive stress layer having a compressive stress of 20 MPa or more continuously from a main surface in a depth direction thereof; a tensile stress layer that is arranged on an inner side with respect to the compressive stress layer in a sheet thickness direction and has a tensile stress of 20 MPa or more continuously in a depth direction thereof; and a stress-neutral layer arranged between the compressive stress layer and the tensile stress layer, wherein the stress-neutral layer has a compressive stress of less than 20 MPa and/or a tensile stress of less than 20 MPa continuously in the sheet thickness direction, and has a thickness of 5.3% or more of a sheet thickness.

An intermediate transfer member (ITM) for use with a printing system, the ITM having (a) a support layer; and (b) a release layer having an ink reception surface and a second surface opposing the ink reception surface, the second surface attached to the support layer, the release layer formed of an addition-cured, hydrophobic silicone material, wherein the release surface of the release layer has relatively hydrophilic properties with respect to the addition-cured, hydrophobic silicone material.

Provided an electrophotographic member capable of causing less fog in an H/H environment even when used in a torque-reduced image forming apparatus. The member comprises an electro-conductive substrate, an electro-conductive layer thereon and insulating parts, the member having a surface having an electrical insulating first region and an electro-conductive second region, the first region and the second region being adjacent to each other, a total area of the second region in a square region put on an outer surface of the member is 30% to 80% of an area of the square region; two or more of the 200 straight lines drawn in the square region at an interval of 5 m pass the second region at least once, and, the number of line segment LS having a length of 200 m or more is 5% or less of the total number of the line segment LS.

High contrast, glass-based, writeable/erasable front projection screens are provided. The screens include a transparent glass sheet which has a front surface and a back surface separated by a distance d. The back surface is in optical contact with a diffusing element. During use of the projection screen, the glass sheet transmits image light from a projector to the diffusing element and the diffusing element reflects a portion of that light back through the glass sheet to a user. The screens have a user-facing surface that is a writable/erasable surface. In embodiments, the distance d is less than or equal to 0.2 millimeters, the whiteness W of the projection screen is less than or equal to 0.5, and/or the contrast C of the projection screen is at least 75%.

A system and method are provided for forming one-way light transmissive layers implementing optical light scattering techniques in those layers, and to objects, object portions, lenses, filters, screens and the like that are formed of, or that otherwise incorporate, such one-way light transmissive layers. Processes are provided by which to form, or otherwise incorporate, one or more one-way light transmissive, or substantially transparent, object portions or layers in solid or hollow objects Individual one-way light transmissive layers are formed of substantially-transparent sub-micrometer spheres, including micro-particles and/or nano-particles, with nano-voids incorporated between them. Refractive indices of the sub-micrometer particles are tunable in order that the finished layers provide an opaque appearance when viewed from a light incident side that is rendered according to an individual user's desires, but that are substantially-transparent to light passing through the finished layers to areas or sensors behind those finished layers.

A system and method are provided for forming electromagnetic energy transmissive layers, which are particularly configured to selectively scatter specific and selectable wavelengths of electromagnetic energy, while allowing remaining wavelengths to pass therethrough. Processes are provided by which to form, or otherwise incorporate, one or more energy scattering layers, including uniquely implementing optical light scattering techniques in such energy scattering layers, and to objects, object portions, wall plates, lenses, filters, screens and the like that are formed of, or that otherwise incorporate, such transmissive energy-scattering layers. Refractive indices of particles fixed in a matrix are tunable in order that the finished layers provide an opaque appearance when viewed from an energy-incident excited by light in the visible spectrum. A color, pattern, texture or image of the scattering layer may be rendered according to an individual user's desires, the layers being substantially-transparent to light passing through layers.