The present invention relates to the use of cyclodextrins for increasing biological activity and improving retention and/or bioavailability of agrochemicals such as pesticides.

Compositions and methods for use in preserving a beehive or bees associated with the beehive against Varroa destructor infestation-induced collapse or death, or supporting the health, vitality, and longevity of a beehive or bees associated with the beehive by controlling, reducing, or eliminating a population of Varroa destructor associated with the beehive or bees associated with the beehive through targeted, phage-based, bactericidal or bacteriostatic activity against Bacillus sp., Hafnia sp., and/or Escherichia sp. present in Varroa destructor associated with the beehive or bees associated with the beehive, and specifically by applying or administering to the beehive, or to bees associated with the beehive, a composition comprising one or more bacteriophage having cellular tropism for, or infectivity specific for, Bacillus sp., Hafnia sp., and/or Escherichia sp. in Varroa destructor associated with the beehive or bees associated with the beehive.

Compositions and methods for use in preserving a beehive or bees associated with the beehive against Varroa destructor infestation-induced collapse or death, or supporting the health, vitality, and longevity of a beehive or bees associated with the beehive by controlling, reducing, or eliminating a population of Varroa destructor associated with the beehive or bees associated with the beehive through targeted, phage-based, bactericidal or bacteriostatic activity against Bacillus sp., Hafnia sp., and/or Escherichia sp. present in Varroa destructor associated with the beehive or bees associated with the beehive, and specifically by applying or administering to the beehive, or to bees associated with the beehive, a composition comprising one or more bacteriophage having cellular tropism for, or infectivity specific for, Bacillus sp., Hafnia sp., and/or Escherichia sp. in Varroa destructor associated with the beehive or bees associated with the beehive.

The present disclosure relates to a composition that includes lemongrass, castor oil, cedarwood oil, geraniol, sodium laurel sulfate, and corn oil for repelling and killing mosquitos. In one aspect of the inventive compositions comprise Guatemalan lemongrass, Juniperus virginiana and cedarwood oil. Some compositions further comprise mint oil, e.g., and Montana mint oil. Compositions according to the inventive subject matter kill insects at multiple stages in their life cycle including adult insects, larvae, and disrupt the egg cycle. In another aspect, the inventive compositions repel insects and retain repellency and insecticidal potency over a longer period of time than other natural insect repellents.

A compound represented by formula (I) or a salt thereof. ##STR00001## In formula (I), R.sup.1 and R.sup.4 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, or an unsubstituted or substituted C1 to C6 alkyl group or the like. R.sup.2 represents a hydrogen atom, or an unsubstituted or substituted C1 to C6 alkyl group or the like. R.sup.3 represents an unsubstituted or substituted C1 to C6 alkyl group or the like. R.sup.5 represents a C1 to C6 haloalkyl group or the like. G represents an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom. R.sup.6 and R.sup.7 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, or an unsubstituted or substituted C1 to C6 alkyl group or the like. n represents 0 or 1. R.sup.8 and R.sup.9 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, or an unsubstituted or substituted C1 to C6 alkyl group. Ar represents an unsubstituted or substituted C6 to C10 aryl group or the like.

A compound represented by Formula (I) is provided. ##STR00001##
In Formula (I), Q represents a group represented by Formula Q1, Q2, or Q3, and T represents a chain hydrocarbon group, an alkoxyalkyl group, an alkylsulfanylalkyl group, an alkylsulfinylalkyl group, or an alkylsulfonylalkyl group, which has a halogen atom; a cycloalkylalkyl group or a cycloalkyl group, which has a substituent; OR.sup.1, S(O).sub.mR.sup.1, OS(O).sub.2R.sup.1, CH.sub.2OR.sup.1, NR.sup.1R.sup.29, C(O)R.sup.1, C(O)NR.sup.1R.sup.29, NR.sup.29C(O)R.sup.1, NCR.sup.1R.sup.30, or a group represented by any one of Formulas T-1 to T-12. ##STR00002## ##STR00003##

A composition containing a compound having excellent controlling effects against a harmful arthropod is represented by formula (I). In formula (I), Q represents a group represented by formula Q1; a group represented by formula Q2 or a group represented by formula Q3; a combination of A.sup.2 and A.sup.3 represents a combination in which A.sup.2 is a nitrogen atom and A.sup.3 is CR.sup.4b, or a combination in which A.sup.2 is CR.sup.4a and A.sup.3 is a nitrogen atom; Z represents an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom; and T represents a C2-C10 chain hydrocarbon group having one or more halogen atoms.

##STR00001##

The present invention is directed to pesticidal mixtures comprising sabadilla alkaloids and pyrethrum esters and methods of controlling pests including insects and mites by application of pesticidal mixtures comprising sabadilla alkaloids and pyrethrum esters.

The present invention belongs to the fields of insecticides, acaricides and fungicides, and particularly relates to a piperonylic acid derivative, and preparation and application thereof. The structure is shown in a general formula I, and the definition of each substituent in the formula is described in the description. The compound of the general formula I exhibits excellent insecticidal, acaricidal and fungicidal activity and can be used for controlling various harmful insects, mites or fungus.

##STR00001##

The present invention provides a compound represented by formula (I) (in formula (I), R.sup.1 represents a substituted or unsubstituted C1-6 alkyl group, R.sup.2 represents a substituted or unsubstituted C1-8 alkyl group, R.sup.3 represents a hydrogen atom or a substituted or unsubstituted C1-6 alkyl group, A represents a substituted or unsubstituted o-phenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted bezylene group, or the like, B represents an oxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted oxymethylene group, or the like, and Q represents a substituted or unsubstituted o-phenylene group), or a salt thereof.

##STR00001##