The disclosure is related to a compound of Formula (I),

##STR00001## and compositions and methods of use thereof.

The present invention relates to a composition of effective biological control agents against eggs and/or larvae and/or pupae and/or adult insects' stages, with a broad-spectrum action. The invention is composed of sporulant entomopathogenic bacteria, entomopathogenic fungi, a limonoid, Efficient Microorganisms (EMs), a humic organic amendment in a liquid suspension, and a process for obtaining the composition.

The invention relates to pesticidal compositions comprising trisiloxane surfactants and a matrix-forming agent, which compositions are capable of controlling pests and pathogens using a physical mode of action. Accordingly, in one aspect, the present disclosure provides a pesticidal composition for controlling pests and pathogens with a physical mode of action. The composition comprises trisiloxane surfactants and matrix-forming agents. The composition may form a gel matrix or a film matrix. The trisiloxane surfactants may be selected from the group consisting of Silwet L-77, Silwet 408, Break-Thru S-240, and Silibase 2848. The matrixforming agents of a pesticidal composition are selected from the group consisting of chitosan salts and sol-gel precursors.

The present invention relates to novel heteroaryl-triazole compounds of the general formula (I), in which the structural elements X, Y, R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3a, R.sup.3b, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 have the meaning given in the description, to formulations and compositions comprising such compounds and for their use in the control of animal pests including arthropods and insects in plant protection and to their use for control of ectoparasites on animals.

##STR00001##

The present invention relates to novel heteroaryl-triazole compounds of the general formula (I), in which the structural elements X, Y, R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3a, R.sup.3b, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 have the meaning given in the description, to formulations and compositions comprising such compounds and for their use in the control of animal pests including arthropods and insects in plant protection and to their use for control of ectoparasites on animals.

##STR00001##

An object of the present invention is to develop and provide a novel agricultural and horticultural insecticidal and acaricidal agent due to the emergence of resistant pests against existing drugs and the like in crop production in the fields of agriculture, horticulture and the like, where damages caused by pests and the like have been still serious.

The present invention provides a benzimidazole compound represented by the general formula (1)

##STR00001##

wherein R is an alkyl group or the like, Y.sup.1, Y.sup.2, Y.sup.3, and Y.sup.4 are a hydrogen atom or the like, Q is a 5-membered heterocyclic group optionally having a substituent such as a substituted imidazole bound at a nitrogen atom and a substituted pyrazole bound at a nitrogen atom, or a salt thereof, an agricultural and horticultural insecticidal and acaricidal agent having the compound or a salt thereof as an active ingredient, and a method for using the same.

Use of brown melanoidins in compositions and methods to protect plants against a wide variety of non-fungal pests is disclosed. In some exemplary embodiments of the invention, the plants are nightshades, for example tomato. In some exemplary embodiments of the invention, the plants are cucurbits, for example cucumber. Alternatively or additionally, in some embodiments the pests are selected from the group consisting of viruses, bacteria, oomycetes, and arthropods.

Use of brown melanoidins in compositions and methods to protect plants against a wide variety of non-fungal pests is disclosed. In some exemplary embodiments of the invention, the plants are nightshades, for example tomato. In some exemplary embodiments of the invention, the plants are cucurbits, for example cucumber. Alternatively or additionally, in some embodiments the pests are selected from the group consisting of viruses, bacteria, oomycetes, and arthropods.

The present disclosure relates to an insect, bacteria, and/or fungi control composition that includes a carrier oil and two or more essential oils for effectively controlling and/or killing insects, bacteria, and/or fungi. Some insect, bacteria, and/or fungi control compositions comprise castor oil; a first oil selected from the group consisting of rosemary oil, thyme oil, clove oil, garlic oil, geraniol, peppermint oil, and cinnamon oil; and a second oil selected from the group consisting of rosemary oil, thyme oil, clove oil, garlic oil, geraniol, peppermint oil, and cinnamon oil, wherein in the first oil is different from the second oil. Compositions according to the present disclosure kill insects at multiple stages in their life cycle including adult insects, larvae, and disrupt the egg cycle. The insect, bacteria, and/or fungi control compositions can effectively control insect, bacteria, and/or fungi and retain control and/or insecticidal, bactericidal, and/or fungicidal potency over a longer period of time than other natural insect, bacteria, and/or fungi control agents.

The present disclosure relates to an insect, bacteria, and/or fungi control composition that includes a carrier oil and two or more essential oils for effectively controlling and/or killing insects, bacteria, and/or fungi. Some insect, bacteria, and/or fungi control compositions comprise castor oil; a first oil selected from the group consisting of rosemary oil, thyme oil, clove oil, garlic oil, geraniol, peppermint oil, and cinnamon oil; and a second oil selected from the group consisting of rosemary oil, thyme oil, clove oil, garlic oil, geraniol, peppermint oil, and cinnamon oil, wherein in the first oil is different from the second oil. Compositions according to the present disclosure kill insects at multiple stages in their life cycle including adult insects, larvae, and disrupt the egg cycle. The insect, bacteria, and/or fungi control compositions can effectively control insect, bacteria, and/or fungi and retain control and/or insecticidal, bactericidal, and/or fungicidal potency over a longer period of time than other natural insect, bacteria, and/or fungi control agents.