A method of applying a coating composition to a substrate utilizing a high transfer efficiency applicator include the steps of providing the high transfer efficiency applicator comprising an array of nozzles wherein each nozzle defines a nozzle orifice having a diameter of from 0.00002 m to 0.0004, providing the coating composition, and applying the coating composition to the substrate through the nozzle orifice without atomization such that at least 99.9% of the applied coating composition contacts the substrate to form a coating layer having a wet thickness of at least 5 microns, wherein the coating composition includes a carrier, a binder, and a radar reflective pigment or a LiDAR reflective pigment. The coating composition has an Ohnesorge number (Oh) of from about 0.01 to about 12.6, a Reynolds number (Re) of from about 0.02 to about 6,200, and a Deborah number (De) of from greater than 0 to about 1730.

This specification discloses non-aqueous solvent, pigmented ink formulations that are suitable for the electronic and aerospace industries and form printed marks that are resistant to smearing and dissolution by organic solvents commonly used in overcoatings in this industry and others. These ink formulations are based on use of an acidic resin with an inherent acid value of at least about 25 mg KOH/g, preferably at least partially neutralized by a quaternary ammonium hydroxide and/or alcohol amine acid neutralizing or modifying agent.

Techniques are described for reducing or eliminating a bow in a plastic card that results from applying radiation, such as UV radiation, to a surface of the plastic card to cure radiation curable material that has been applied to the surface. In one embodiment, after printing of all radiation curable material on the plastic card is completed, radiation is applied to both surfaces of the plastic card. After applying the radiation, the plastic card complies with ISO 7810:2019, Clause 8.10.

Examples relate to a drying cylinder for an image forming apparatus. The drying cylinder comprises a curved wall and a plurality of gas outlets spaced apart over the curved wall. The drying cylinder is to continuously rotate about its longitudinal axis and provide gas through the plurality of gas outlets perpendicularly onto a print medium with printing fluid deposited thereon to dry the printing fluid.

An active energy ray curing composition can be applied to cured matter of a first active energy ray curing composition. The active energy ray curing composition contains a second active energy ray curing composition containing a monofunctional monomer, a polyfunctional monomer, and a photopolymerization initiator. The proportion of the polyfunctional monomer to the second active energy ray composition is 60 percent by mass or more. The proportion of the polyfunctional monomer modified with the same number of an oxyalkylene group as the number of functional groups of the polyfunctional monomer is 90 percent by mass of the polyfunctional monomer, and the proportion of a tri- or higher polyfunctional monomer is 50 percent by mass or more to the modified polyfunctional monomer.

An ink jet recording method including a step of preparing an ink containing water and particles including a polymer P and a polymerizable monomer M wherein the polymerizable monomer M includes a monomer (M-1) having a viscosity at 25° C. of 500 mPa.Math.s or less and a content of the monomer (M-1) relative to a total solid content of the particles is 25 mass % to 80 mass %; an application step of applying, onto a substrate, the ink by an ink jet process; and an irradiation step of irradiating the ink having been applied onto the substrate, with an actinic energy ray, wherein a time from landing of the ink onto the substrate to starting of the irradiation with the actinic energy ray is 1.00 second or less.

A treatment method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes: a first treatment agent adhesion step of ejecting a first treatment agent which contains a pigment, first resin particles, water, and a first water-soluble organic solvent from an ink jet head so as to be adhered to a cloth; and a second treatment agent adhesion step of spraying a second treatment agent which contains second resin particles, water, and a second water-soluble organic solvent from a nozzle front hole together with a heated gas to the cloth to which the first treatment agent is adhered so as to be adhered thereto, and the nozzle front hole has a temperature higher than a standard boiling point of the second water-soluble organic solvent by 50° C. or more.

Provided are pre-coat formulations, ink formulations, ink systems and printing methods for patterning a surface with a desired pattern.

Ink jet printing on a non-absorbent substrate involves a wet primer having a primer viscosity. The wet primer is applied on the non-absorbent substrate. An ink jet ink having an ink jet viscosity lower than the primer viscosity is jetted over the wet primer while the primer is still wet. The wet primer and ink are simultaneously cured on the substrate.

Described is a process and system for direct printing of a decorative pattern onto an extruded PVC slat. The process includes providing a hot extruded PVC slat; directly contacting a surface of the hot extruded PVC slat with a direct printing cylinder as the slat is moved in a downstream direction, where the cylinder has a pattern with a cell structure that receives ink and rotates to directly apply the ink in the form of the pattern onto the surface of the hot extruded PVC slat. The process also includes controlling a temperature of the direct printing cylinder to inhibit drying of the ink while present on the direct printing cylinder.