The subject invention pertains to compositions and methods of coating objects using BOC-butenolide. The invention also relates to compositions and methods for enhancing the performance and longevity of the coated objects with BOC-butenolide, including inhibiting fouling often caused by marine organisms.

The subject invention pertains to compositions and methods of coating objects using BOC-butenolide. The invention also relates to compositions and methods for enhancing the performance and longevity of the coated objects with BOC-butenolide, including inhibiting fouling often caused by marine organisms.

The invention is directed to Anti-Apicomplexan compositions, methods for producing the same, and methods for their use.

Provided is a plant pathogen control agent that is used to control plant pathogens on plants and is a novel method for using cellulose nanofibers. The plant pathogen control agent is a plant pathogen control agent containing plant-derived cellulose nanofibers as active ingredient, in which a surface of a nanofiber-coated layer to be formed by sparging or spraying the plant pathogen control agent onto the foliage or the stems of the plants and then by drying the plant pathogen control agent has hydrophilicity. Examples of the cellulose nanofibers include a plant-derived nanofiber material selected from the group consisting of gramineous plants, broadleaf trees, and needleleaf trees. Examples of the plants to be an application target include cabbage plants, soybean plants, tomato plants, tobacco plants, or coffee tree seedlings. In addition, examples of the plant pathogens to be a control target include causative bacterium, rust fungi, or pathogenic fungi.

Processes for increasing a virucidal activity of a fiber substrate are disclosed. A fiber substrate comprising borosilicate is provided. The fiber substrate may comprise acidic functional groups. An antiviral metal salt solution is introduced to the fiber substrate to form an antiviral substrate. The pH of the antiviral metal salt solution is adjusted, and an antiviral metal ion is exchanged with a proton from the acidic functional groups. The antiviral metal is present in an amount ranging from about 0.001 to about 3.0 wt. % of the antiviral fiber substrate. The antiviral fiber substrate is incorporated into a filter media before or after the deposition of the antiviral metal onto the fiber substrate.

Processes for increasing a virucidal activity of a fiber substrate are disclosed. A fiber substrate comprising borosilicate is provided. The fiber substrate may comprise acidic functional groups. An antiviral metal salt solution is introduced to the fiber substrate to form an antiviral substrate. The pH of the antiviral metal salt solution is adjusted, and an antiviral metal ion is exchanged with a proton from the acidic functional groups. The antiviral metal is present in an amount ranging from about 0.001 to about 3.0 wt. % of the antiviral fiber substrate. The antiviral fiber substrate is incorporated into a filter media before or after the deposition of the antiviral metal onto the fiber substrate.

Processes for increasing a viricidal activity of a fiber substrate. The fiber substrate is provided. The fiber substrate may comprise acidic functional groups and may be acid leached to provide additional acidic groups. Metal ions may thereafter be exchanged with a proton from the acidic functional groups. A divalent metal is introduced to the fiber substrate. An antiviral metal is introduced and deposited onto the fiber substrate by galvanic displacement. Subsequently, a further antiviral metal is introduced and deposited on the fiber substrate by an electroless process. The treated fiber substrate is washed and dried. The deposition of antiviral metals onto the fiber substrate to form a treated fiber substrate may occur before or after the fiber substrate is incorporated into a filter media in a wet-laid paper making process.

Processes for increasing a viricidal activity of a fiber substrate. The fiber substrate is provided. The fiber substrate may comprise acidic functional groups and may be acid leached to provide additional acidic groups. Metal ions may thereafter be exchanged with a proton from the acidic functional groups. A divalent metal is introduced to the fiber substrate. An antiviral metal is introduced and deposited onto the fiber substrate by galvanic displacement. Subsequently, a further antiviral metal is introduced and deposited on the fiber substrate by an electroless process. The treated fiber substrate is washed and dried. The deposition of antiviral metals onto the fiber substrate to form a treated fiber substrate may occur before or after the fiber substrate is incorporated into a filter media in a wet-laid paper making process.

The present application provides an application of quercetin in a plant senescence accelerator, which belongs to the field of plant senescence accelerators and its application, and can prepare a plant senescence accelerator by using quercetin and apply the accelerator in practical production to accelerate the senescence process of plant particularly crop leaves. The quercetin plant senescence accelerator is prepared by mixing a quercetin mother solution with a 1/2 MS solution of 2-(N-morpholino)ethanesulfonic. In the present application, by adopting directly spraying method, the senescence process of plant leaves can be accelerated, and will not cause additional adverse reactions to plants.

This invention is related to a method of selection of a nucleotide sequence useful as a phytosanitary product. It also refers to a modified plasmid or cosmid comprising this nucleotide sequence, a host cell for its expression, the dsRNA molecule useful as phytosanitary product and compounds and/or phytosanitary products comprising it, to be used to eliminate or reduce the infestation of an insect, disease or weed in cultivated crops.