The railway wheel according to the present embodiment has a chemical composition consisting of: in mass %, C: 0.80 to 1.15%, Si: 0.45% or less, Mn: 0.10 to 0.85%, P: 0.050% or less, S: 0.030% or less, Al: 0.200 to 1.500%, N: 0.0200% or less, Nb: 0.005 to 0.050%, Cr: 0 to 0.25%, and V: 0 to 0.12%, with the balance being Fe and impurities, wherein at least in the microstructure of the rim part and the web part, the amount of pro-eutectoid cementite defined by Formula (1) is 2.00 pieces/100 m or less:
Amount of pro-eutectoid cementite(pieces/100 m)=a total sum of the number of pieces of pro-eutectoid cementite which intersect with two diagonal lines in a square visual field of 200 m200 m/(5.66100 m)100(1).

The railway wheel according to the present embodiment has a chemical composition consisting of: in mass %, C: 0.80 to 1.15%, Si: 0.45% or less, Mn: 0.10 to 0.85%, P: 0.050% or less, S: 0.030% or less, Al: 0.200 to 1.500%, N: 0.0200% or less, Nb: 0.005 to 0.050%, Cr: 0 to 0.25%, and V: 0 to 0.12%, with the balance being Fe and impurities, wherein at least in the microstructure of the rim part and the web part, the amount of pro-eutectoid cementite defined by Formula (1) is 2.00 pieces/100 m or less:
Amount of pro-eutectoid cementite(pieces/100 m)=a total sum of the number of pieces of pro-eutectoid cementite which intersect with two diagonal lines in a square visual field of 200 m200 m/(5.66100 m)100(1).

A system continuously monitors bearing temperature and wheel surface condition. The system may include a button contact sensor for sensing wheel bearing temperature and a measuring laser for detecting wheel breakage. The system may also include a vibration sensor, sound sensor, and a load sensor. Each sensor is in communication with a receiver/transmitter and may be mounted to the railcar by way of a friction lock magnetic mounting. Computer means may be used to store, analyze, and present the collected information for use in deciding whether, for example, the train should be slowed or stopped. A solar panel may provide power to the components.

A method for manufacturing a railway vehicle wheel is provided. The method comprises: in an electric heating furnace or converter, preparing steel containing, in mass %. 0.65% to 0.84% of C, 0.1% to 1.5% of Si, 0.05% to 1.5% of Mn, 0.025% or less of P, 0.015% or less of S, 0.001% to 0.08% of Al, and 0.05% to 1.5% of Cr, the balance being Fe and incidental impurities; casting the steel to obtain a material; hot rolling and/or hot forging the material to form a wheel; heating the wheel to Ac.sub.3 point +50 C. or higher; cooling the wheel from a start temperature of 700 C. or higher to a stop temperature of 500 C. to 650 C. at a rate of 1 C./s to 10 C./s; and then air cooling the wheel.

A method for manufacturing a railway vehicle wheel is provided. The method comprises: in an electric heating furnace or converter, preparing steel containing, in mass %. 0.65% to 0.84% of C, 0.1% to 1.5% of Si, 0.05% to 1.5% of Mn, 0.025% or less of P, 0.015% or less of S, 0.001% to 0.08% of Al, and 0.05% to 1.5% of Cr, the balance being Fe and incidental impurities; casting the steel to obtain a material; hot rolling and/or hot forging the material to form a wheel; heating the wheel to Ac.sub.3 point +50 C. or higher; cooling the wheel from a start temperature of 700 C. or higher to a stop temperature of 500 C. to 650 C. at a rate of 1 C./s to 10 C./s; and then air cooling the wheel.

An improved railway car axle has a generally hollow cylindrical elongated body. The axle includes a journal near either end adapted to receive a bearing, and a dust guard adjacent the journals. A wheel seat is adjacent the dust guard and is adapted to receive a railway wheel thereon. The axial center interior portion of the railway axle is generally hollow. The railway axle is comprised of a steel with specified alloy range, mechanical properties and is of specified internal and external dimensions to allow the axle to be formed in a forging operation and to be utilized in heavy haul railway freight car service.

An improved railway car axle has a generally hollow cylindrical elongated body. The axle includes a journal near either end adapted to receive a bearing, and a dust guard adjacent the journals. A wheel seat is adjacent the dust guard and is adapted to receive a railway wheel thereon. The axial center interior portion of the railway axle is generally hollow. The railway axle is comprised of a steel with specified alloy range, mechanical properties and is of specified internal and external dimensions to allow the axle to be formed in a forging operation and to be utilized in heavy haul railway freight car service.

Axle for rail vehicles, made of heat-treated material, wherein in all cylindrical parts (2a) and the transitional parts (2b) along the entire length (L) of the axle (1) surface the axle (1) surface is formed by a reinforced, inductively hardened layer (2) having of uniform depth from the axle (1) surface and this inductively hardened layer (2) continues with a transition layer (3) with a gradually decreasing gradient of reinforcing. Transition layer (3) depth is equal to at least 1.5 times of the depth of the inductively hardened layer (2).

Axle for rail vehicles, made of heat-treated material, wherein in all cylindrical parts (2a) and the transitional parts (2b) along the entire length (L) of the axle (1) surface the axle (1) surface is formed by a reinforced, inductively hardened layer (2) having of uniform depth from the axle (1) surface and this inductively hardened layer (2) continues with a transition layer (3) with a gradually decreasing gradient of reinforcing. Transition layer (3) depth is equal to at least 1.5 times of the depth of the inductively hardened layer (2).

A rail structure for a bearing wheel of a crane includes surfaces receiving rolling and horizontal forces. The rail structure includes two surfaces located at a distance from one another and receiving rolling forces. The rail structure preferably includes at least one basic plate and, arranged on top of it, a wear surface arrangement. The surfaces receiving rolling forces are formed to this wear surface arrangement at a distance from one another. A combination of a bearing wheel and a rail structure of the above type is also disclosed.