Methods for treating the surface of a cured inner liner are disclosed. By use of these methods a treated, cured inner liner is produced which has a lower surface with increased adherability to other materials (e.g., adhesives). Treated, cured inner liners resulting from such methods as well as tires containing the treated inner liners.

Disclosed is a pneumatic tire without inner tube and unsupported by sidewall, wherein a wear-resistant layer or a wear-resistant lubrication layer is disposed at an inner surface rubber layer of a tire outer side, or disposed at an inner surface rubber layer of the tire outer side and a tire inner side. The wear-resistant layer is located at at least one of the following three portions: a tire bead, a tire sidewall, and a tire shoulder. After the tire, which is zero-pressure tire, goes flat, two surfaces of the inner surface rubber layer come into contact with each other, wherein the wear-resistant layer provided at the contact position can improve wear resistance and increase tire mileage and speed limitations.

A method of preparing a sidewall support, the method comprising the steps of (i) providing a vulcanizable composition including an elastomer, a filler, a curative, and a eutectic composition; (ii) fabricating the vulcanizable composition into a green sidewall support; and (iii) subjecting the green sidewall support to curing conditions.

Methods for treating the surface of a cured inner liner are disclosed. By use of these methods a treated, cured inner liner is produced which has a lower surface with increased adherability to other materials (e.g., adhesives). Treated, cured inner liners resulting from such methods as well as tires containing the treated inner liners.

A pneumatic tire is provided. In a meridian cross-section, an external contour shape of the bead core is a polygon formed by common tangent lines of a plurality of circumferential portions of a bead wire, the external contour shape includes a single vertex located toward the outside in a tire radial direction, an internal angle formed by two sides sandwiching the vertex is an acute angle, a bottom side of the external contour shape is inclined with respect to the tire lateral direction by from 2° to 9°, and the carcass layer is bent and folded back along a circumference of the bead core in a bead portion, a folded back portion of the carcass layer from a position of an outer end of the bead core in the tire radial direction extends toward a sidewall portion in contact with a body portion.

A run-flat tire includes a side reinforcing rubber layer, a first bead filler on an inner side of a carcass turned-up portion in a width direction, and a second bead filler on an outer side of the carcass turned-up portion in the width direction. A first bead filler height is 30% or less of a tire cross-sectional height SH. A second bead filler height is 50% or greater of the height SH. A cross-sectional area of the second bead filler is from 150% to 400% of a cross-sectional area of the first bead filler. A relationship (0.16×SH×LI−1100)≤S.sub.ALL≤(0.16×SH×LI−800) is satisfied, where S.sub.ALL represents a sum of cross-sectional areas of the side reinforcing rubber layer and the first and second bead fillers, and LI represents a load index.

The assembly (24) comprises: a woven first fabric (26) comprising filamentary warp elements (64) comprising first and second filamentary members, a woven second fabric (28), a bearing structure (30) comprising filamentary bearing elements (32) connecting the woven first and second fabrics together. For a length at rest L of the woven first fabric (26): for any elongation of the woven first fabric (26) less than or equal to (2π×H)/L, the first filamentary member has a non-zero elongation and is not broken; there is an elongation of the woven first fabric (26), less than or equal to (2π×H)/L, and beyond which the second filamentary member is broken, in which H0×K≤H where H0 is the distance between the woven first and second fabrics (26, 28) when each filamentary bearing portion (74) is at rest, and K=0.50.

A run-flat tire includes reinforcing rubber in a sidewall, first bead filler rubber disposed toward the inside of a folded back portion of a carcass layer in a lateral direction, and second bead filler rubber disposed toward the outside of the folded back portion in the lateral direction. The reinforcing rubber has a thickness from a rim base line to a position within 38% to 68% of a tire cross-sectional height being from 90% to 100% of a maximum thickness of the reinforcing rubber. In a range from a position of a rim check line to a position being 38% of the tire cross-sectional height from the rim base line, a total thickness of the reinforcing rubber, the first bead filler rubber, and the second bead filler rubber is from 100% to 140% of the maximum thickness of the reinforcing rubber.

The run flat tire includes a tread portion in contact with a road surface, a tire side portion continuous to the tread portion and positioned inside in the radial direction of the tread portion, and a carcass forming a tire skeleton. The run flat tire is provided with a side reinforcing rubber in tire side portion. A carcass reinforcing belt formed by covering a circumferential direction cord extending along tire circumferential direction with a rubber material and a sheet-like reinforcing layer formed of a resin material are provided in layers on an inner side of the tire radial direction of the tread portion.

The assembly (24) comprises: a first structure (10) extending in a first overall direction (G1), a second structure (12), and a bearing structure (30) comprising filamentary bearing elements (32) comprising at least one filamentary bearing portion (74) extending between the first structure (10) and the second structure (12), the first structure (10) being arranged such that, for a length at rest L of the first structure (10) in the first overall direction (G1), the elongation at maximum force Art of the first structure in the first overall direction (G1) satisfies: Art≤(2π×H)/L, in which H0×K≤H where H0 is the mean straight-line distance between an internal face (42) of the first structure (10) and an internal face (46) of the second structure (12) when each filamentary bearing portion (74) is at rest, and K=0.50.