Systems and methods for determining the location of a vehicle are disclosed. In one embodiment, a method for localizing a vehicle includes driving over a first road segment, identifying by a first localization system a set of candidate road segments, obtaining vertical motion data while driving over the first road segment, comparing the obtained vertical motion data to reference vertical motion data associated with at least one candidate road segment, and identifying, based on the comparison, a location of the vehicle. The use of such localization methods and systems in coordination with various advanced vehicle systems such as, for example, active suspension systems or autonomous driving features, is contemplated.

An automatic tilting vehicle is provided that includes left and right front wheels supported by knuckles, a steerable rear wheel, a vehicle tilting device, and a control unit. The vehicle tilting device includes a swing member, a tilt actuator for swing the swing member, and a pair of tie rods pivotally attached to the swing member and the knuckles. The control unit calculates a target lateral acceleration of the vehicle, estimates a lateral acceleration of the vehicle caused by the gyro moments of the wheels and calculates a target tilt angle of the vehicle based on a sum of the target lateral acceleration and the lateral acceleration caused by the gyro moments.

The rocking control device for a two front wheels rocking vehicle includes a controller that executes a first rocking control which assists a rocking of the two front wheels rocking vehicle and a second rocking control which assists the two front wheels rocking vehicle so that the two front wheels rocking vehicle self-stands at a rocking balanced position where a rocking moment of the vehicle body is canceled out in a lateral direction, wherein controller is configured to switch the first rocking control and the second rocking control to OFF state, and is configured to operate the first rocking control and the second rocking control in combination.

A leaning vehicle is equipped with a double wishbone (DWB) type suspension apparatus capable of improving comfort felt by an operator In the leaning vehicle, a connecting member is provided such that a first distance is smaller than a second distance. A distance from the connecting member to a hip point of an operator seat in a leaning-vehicle front-back direction is larger than a distance from the connecting member to a rotational center axis of each axle of a left rear wheel and a right rear wheel in the leaning vehicle front-back direction.

In a leaning vehicle, a shock absorber tower is disposed further forward in a vehicle-body-frame frontward direction than an upper-left-arm-member supported part at which an upper-left arm member to which a first end part of a left shock absorber is connected is supported by the vehicle body frame, and an upper-right-arm-member supported part at which an upper-right arm member to which a first end part of a right shock absorber is connected is supported by the vehicle body frame.

A vehicle suspension having a first load-bearing component assembly and a second load-bearing component assembly. The first and second load bearing component assemblies are adapted to be transversely positioned across from each other on a vehicle chassis. Each load-bearing component assembly comprises a wheel hub, an upper control arm having an apex portion and a base portion, and a lower control arm having an apex portion and a base portion, and each wheel hub is supported between the apex portions of the upper control arm and the lower control arm of the respective load-bearing component assemblies. The base portion of each of the upper and lower control arms of the respective load-bearing component assemblies is adapted to be pivotally secured to a vehicle chassis to permit upward and downward vertical movement of each wheel hub, relative to a rest state, in response to load variations. A directionally-dependent heave spring assembly is adapted to be transversely secured to a vehicle chassis, the heave spring assembly is coupled to the first load-bearing component assembly and to the second load-bearing component assembly and exhibits resiliency in opposition to upward vertical movement of both wheel hub assemblies relative to their rest states, and exhibits substantially no resiliency in opposition to downward vertical movement of both wheel assemblies relative to their rest states.

A rocking control device for a two front wheels rocking vehicle includes a high rigidity self-standing controller that executes a high rigidity self-standing control that locks the rocking of the two front wheels rocking vehicle and that assists a self-standing of the two front wheels rocking vehicle, a switch that switches the high rigidity self-standing control to ON or OFF state, and an offset cancellation controller that executes an offset cancellation control that maintains the self-standing state of the two front wheels rocking vehicle until a predetermined traveling state when the high rigidity self-standing control is switched off.

Embodiments of a suspension for a vehicle is provided. The suspension includes, for example, a frame and a locking assembly. The locking assembly inhibits tipping of a frame of the vehicle when tipping of the frame is detected.

A tandem wheel assembly for a work vehicle includes a tandem wheel housing, a center drive member rotatably disposed within the housing, first and second wheel end assemblies, a coupler between each wheel end drive member and the center drive member, and a brake assembly. Each wheel end assembly includes an input shaft, a wheel end drive member mounted thereon, a wheel end gear train coupled to the input shaft, an output shaft coupled to the wheel end gear train, and a wheel end hub coupled to the output shaft for supporting one of the wheels. The brake assembly is coupled to the tandem wheel housing and to the input shaft or the output shaft of at least one of the first wheel end assembly or the second wheel end assembly and reduces the amount of backlash.

An automatic tilting vehicle including a pair of wheels rotatably supported by wheel carriers and laterally spaced apart and a vehicle tilting device that tilts the vehicle to the inside of a turn when turning. The vehicle tilting device includes a swing member, an actuator that swings the swing member about a swing axis, and a pair of connecting rods pivotally attached to the swing member and the wheel carriers on both lateral sides of the vehicle. Each connecting rod has a preset weakest portion that is buckled to be deformed in a preset direction in a preset area when a buckling load equal to or larger than a preset value is applied.