A vehicle comprising: a vehicle body having an underside and defining a wheel arch, the wheel arch forming an opening in the underside of the vehicle body; a wheel assembly having a rotation axis and being positioned in the wheel arch and extending through the opening to the underside of the vehicle; a suspension linkage running within the wheel arch, the suspension linkage coupling the wheel assembly to the vehicle body to permit motion of the rotation axis of the wheel assembly relative to the vehicle body, the suspension linkage comprising a first suspension link coupled between the vehicle body and the wheel assembly; and a cover panel coupled to the first suspension link so that the cover panel moves with the first suspension link, the cover panel extending across part of the opening so that in forward motion the cover panel directs a rearward moving airflow across the opening.

A rear subframe structure is provided with a rear subframe configured such that a front cross member, a rear cross member, a pair of left and right upper side members, and a pair of left and right lower side members are connected; and a vehicle-body mounting portion formed on each of both ends of the front cross member, and on each of rear ends of the upper side members. The rear subframe further includes a vertical-wall-shaped pillar portion held and fixed between a lateral portion of the front cross member in the vehicle width direction and the upper side member, and extending in the vehicle width direction. A lower portion of the pillar portion is connected to the lower side member, an upper-arm support portion is formed on an upper portion of the pillar portion, and a lower-arm support portion is formed on a lower portion of the pillar portion.

There is provided a three-wheeled vehicle that can maintain the ground contact surfaces of wheels and the road surface in contact with each other at all times, and that can suppress direct transmission of most of an impact from the road surface to a platform. First to third wheels are attached to a body frame that is rigid. The platform and the body frame are connected to each other by a connecting structure. First to third three degree of freedom non-restricted connecting mechanisms and first to third three degree of freedom restricted connecting mechanisms that form the connecting structure are deformed to allow the platform to make a bouncing motion, a rolling motion, a pitching motion, and a combined motion thereof within a restricted range when an impact is applied to the body frame from the road surface.

A method of on-demand energy delivery to an active suspension system is disclosed. The suspension system includes an actuator body, a hydraulic pump, an electric motor, a plurality of sensors, an energy storage facility, and a controller. The method includes disposing an active suspension system in a vehicle between a wheel mount and a vehicle body, detecting a wheel event requiring control of the active suspension; and sourcing energy from the energy storage facility and delivering it to the electric motor in response to the wheel event.

In one embodiment, one or more suspension systems of a vehicle may be used to mitigate motion sickness by limiting motion in one or more frequency ranges. In another embodiment, an active suspension may be integrated with an autonomous vehicle architecture. In yet another embodiment, the active suspension system of a vehicle may be used to induce motion in a vehicle. The vehicle may be used as a testbed for technical investigations and/or as a platform to enhance the enjoyment of video and/or audio by vehicle occupants. In some embodiments, the active suspensions system may be used to perform gestures as a means of communication with persons inside or outside the vehicle. In some embodiments, the active suspensions system may be used to generate haptic warnings to a vehicle operator or other persons in response to certain road situations.

A lightweight suspension upright or knuckle for a vehicle including a bearing connection interface arranged coaxial with the rolling bearing and including a first sleeve element and a second sleeve element arranged radially outside the first sleeve element and including a BMC/LFT/DLFT annular body that is sandwiched between a first and second shell elements, which are coupled together in a radially superimposed manner and which are preferably obtained in a semi-cured state as self-supporting elements, to be chemically and mechanically bonded together and with the BMC/LFT/DLFT annular body in a later stage during a step of forming a core (11) to fill either completely or partially an empty space (12) delimited between the first and second shell elements (8,9).

In a suspension member having a closed cross section, insertion holes are respectively formed in an upper member and a lower member that are two opposing walls. A collar includes a cylindrical portion and a flange. The cylindrical portion is inserted through the insertion holes. On the upper member side, the cylindrical portion and the upper member are welded together, forming a weld bead. On the lower member side, the outer circumferential edge of the flange and the lower member are welded, forming a weld bead. The welding is applied so that the length of the welding line on the lower member side is longer.

In a suspension member having a closed cross section, insertion holes are respectively formed in an upper member and a lower member that are two opposing walls. A collar includes a cylindrical portion and a flange. The cylindrical portion is inserted through the insertion holes. On the upper member side, the cylindrical portion and the upper member are welded together, forming a weld bead. On the lower member side, the outer circumferential edge of the flange and the lower member are welded, forming a weld bead. The welding is applied so that the length of the welding line on the lower member side is longer.

A cabin suspension arrangement for a utility vehicle, having a plurality of trailing arms that extend in a longitudinal direction, by which a driver's cabin is mounted and can pivoted relative to a vehicle frame. Two of the trailing arms are arranged spaced apart from one another in a transverse direction that extends perpendicularly to the longitudinal direction, are connected to one another by a torsion bar spring that extends in the transverse direction, and are arranged at the same height in a vertical direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction and to the transverse direction, thereby forming a first trailing arm pair. Two other trailing arms are arranged spaced apart from one another in the transverse direction, are arranged at the same height in the vertical direction, and thereby form a second trailing arm pair, which is spaced apart, in the vertical direction, from the first trailing arm pair.

An air suspension system which uses software logic and internal signals and/or external signals available to automatically adjust the ride height of the vehicle. The air suspension system also may respond to requests from other vehicle systems requesting a change in ride height. Signals available to the vehicle may be used to detect parking lot maneuvers (for example, a combination of low speed, high steering angle, and low lateral acceleration) and automatically begin to lower the ride height of the vehicle to a calibrated entry/exit ride height. Additionally, a camera, radar, and/or parking sensor signals are utilized to detect potential roof or undercarriage clearance issues, and automatically adjust the ride height of the vehicle. The air suspension system may also adjust the ride height of the vehicle when the electronic brake system (EBS) detects rough road, automatically increasing the ride height of the vehicle to increase ground clearance.