A roll cage is formed by joining tubes using an intermediate member with shoulder portions that insert within the tubes. Two inserts secure within the tubes, at least one being threaded. A threaded bolt is inserted through a first insert, through the intermediate member, and threaded into the second insert. Other tubes secure to the intermediate member such that the tubes together form a roll cage that may be secured to the chassis of a vehicle. For multi-row vehicles, a third insert secures in the second tube and has a threaded shaft protruding from it. The threaded shaft is passed through a second intermediate member and threaded into a threaded insert in a third tube and the second tube is rotated.

A layered-composite-member shape optimization analysis method includes: setting, as a design space, an optimization target part of a structural body model of an automotive body; generating a layered block model in the set design space, the layered block model including layers, each layer being a three-dimensional element and having material properties different from each other; connecting the generated layered block model to the part of the structural body model of the automotive body; and inputting an analysis condition, performing optimization analysis on the layered block model as an optimization analysis target, and determining an optimum shape of the layered block model.

Systems and methods for changing end-of-arm tools and methods for manufacturing vehicles are provided. An exemplary end-of-arm tool changing system includes a rotatable tool rack configured to hold at least two end-of-arm tools and configured to move a selected end-of-arm tool from a far location to a near location. The exemplary end-of-arm tool changing system further includes a robot configured to reach the near location for attachment of the selected end-of-arm tool to the robot.

Systems and methods for changing end-of-arm tools and methods for manufacturing vehicles are provided. An exemplary end-of-arm tool changing system includes a rotatable tool rack configured to hold at least two end-of-arm tools and configured to move a selected end-of-arm tool from a far location to a near location. The exemplary end-of-arm tool changing system further includes a robot configured to reach the near location for attachment of the selected end-of-arm tool to the robot.

There is provided an adjustment jig. A fixing unit has a plate shape and is detachably fixed to an attachment unit of a sensor provided on a vehicle side. An extension unit is provided to extend from the fixing unit. A suspension unit is suspended from the extension unit.

A system and a method are described for laying out components in a vehicle workspace. The method may comprise: receiving, as input, a plurality of components for a vehicle workspace; determining an optimization of a routing of a plurality of connections, each of which connect to at least one of the plurality of components; and providing an output indicative of the routing within the vehicle workspace.

A system and a method are described for laying out components in a vehicle workspace. The method may comprise: receiving, as input, a plurality of components for a vehicle workspace; determining an optimization of a routing of a plurality of connections, each of which connect to at least one of the plurality of components; and providing an output indicative of the routing within the vehicle workspace.

A structural panel for a recreational vehicle includes a plurality of layers laminated together to form a lamination. The lamination forms an outer surface of the structural panel, which is configured to form a sidewall, a ceiling, or a floor of the recreational vehicle when mounted in the recreational vehicle relative to the vehicle chassis. The structural panel further includes an image that is formed on or in one of the plurality of layers in or internal to the structural panel and which is visible at the outer surface. The image is in a location that is in a known fixed registry with a structural reference, such as the outer perimeter, of the structural panel prior to the panel being mounted in the recreational vehicle wherein the location of the image is known relative to the structural reference of the structural panel.

A structural panel for a recreational vehicle includes a plurality of layers laminated together to form a lamination. The lamination forms an outer surface of the structural panel, which is configured to form a sidewall, a ceiling, or a floor of the recreational vehicle when mounted in the recreational vehicle relative to the vehicle chassis. The structural panel further includes an image that is formed on or in one of the plurality of layers in or internal to the structural panel and which is visible at the outer surface. The image is in a location that is in a known fixed registry with a structural reference, such as the outer perimeter, of the structural panel prior to the panel being mounted in the recreational vehicle wherein the location of the image is known relative to the structural reference of the structural panel.

This vehicle body structural member is a vehicle body structural member (1) extending in a longitudinal direction, wherein, in at least a portion thereof in the longitudinal direction, a cross-section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction satisfies the Expressions (1) to (3).

[00001]$\begin{array}{cc}{\sigma }_{\mathrm{cr}}>{\sigma }_y& \mathrm{Expression}\left(1\right)\end{array}$$\begin{array}{cc}{\sigma }_{\mathrm{cr}}=\frac{k{\pi }^2{\mathrm{Et}}^2}{12\left(1-v^2\right)b_f^2}& \mathrm{Expression}\left(2\right)\end{array}$$\begin{array}{cc}k=4.\exp \left(-28\frac{R1t}{b_{f}b}\right)& \mathrm{Expression}\left(3\right)\end{array}$