The invention comprises a truck and riding devices with a lean steering spatial mechanism comprised of rigid bodies and a single compliant body connected by joints forming a closed kinematic chain wherein the compliant body provides compression, tension, and torsional return spring forces for multi-axial functionality within the constraints of the lean steering spatial mechanism, allowing for the combined functionality of deep deck lean, improved lean steering control over a wider range of speed, improved speed stability, and full load bearing suspension. The invention has additional degrees of freedom and additional primary motions of floating and suspension.

The invention comprises a truck and riding devices with a lean steering spatial mechanism comprised of rigid bodies and a single compliant body connected by joints forming a closed kinematic chain wherein the compliant body provides compression, tension, and torsional return spring forces for multi-axial functionality within the constraints of the lean steering spatial mechanism, allowing for the combined functionality of deep deck lean, improved lean steering control over a wider range of speed, improved speed stability, and full load bearing suspension. The invention has additional degrees of freedom and additional primary motions of floating and suspension.

An early-warning system, method, and apparatus for steering of a two-wheeled vehicle, and a corresponding two-wheeled vehicle including a display apparatus. The system includes: a first control system and a second control system both operating independently and exchanging data between each other in real time; the first control system is configured to: monitor a steering state of the two-wheeled vehicle in real time and generate steering state data; generate early-warning state data based on the steering state data; transmit at least part of the steering state data and the early-warning state data to the second control system in real time; and control corresponding components of the two-wheeled vehicle to operate according to control instructions received from the second control system and internal preset instructions; and the second control system is configured to: control a display of the display apparatus based on the steering state data and/or the early-warning information.

The power transmission system for a vehicle includes a side flex chain assembly that transmits rotational drive from a power transfer assembly to at least one direction wheel, resulting in propulsion of the vehicle. The orientation of the side flex chain in relation to the axis of the crank sprocket and the side flex chain sprocket and the convex inner face of the bushings of the side flex chain allow the side flex chain to twist when the at least one directional wheel turns left or the right without disengaging from the crank sprocket or the side flex chain sprocket. The power transmission system is designed to be used with a steering system that allows the power transfer assembly to remain substantially in the sagittal plane when steering.

The power transmission system for a vehicle includes a side flex chain assembly that transmits rotational drive from a power transfer assembly to at least one direction wheel, resulting in propulsion of the vehicle. The orientation of the side flex chain in relation to the axis of the crank sprocket and the side flex chain sprocket and the convex inner face of the bushings of the side flex chain allow the side flex chain to twist when the at least one directional wheel turns left or the right without disengaging from the crank sprocket or the side flex chain sprocket. The power transmission system is designed to be used with a steering system that allows the power transfer assembly to remain substantially in the sagittal plane when steering.

This saddle-type vehicle includes a warning vibration generator (205) that generates a predetermined vibration to issue a warning to a driver, the warning vibration generator (205) includes a warning selection unit (210) that selects a predetermined warning in accordance with a strength of driving assist control, and, in accordance with the warning selected by the warning selection unit (210), the warning vibration generator (205) generates a vibration (a haptic vibration) as a warning in a frequency band that avoids a vibration frequency common to a motorcycle.

When an external detection device detects an obstacle (another vehicle (T)) on either a left or right side of the own vehicle (M), a control device of a steering assistance device for a saddle type vehicle controls an assist torque so that a handle operation to the side opposite to the side on which the obstacle is detected becomes heavier (more difficult to turn) than a case in which the obstacle is not detected. The handle operation to the side on which the obstacle is detected makes a handle relatively light (makes it easier to turn) while steering assist is maintained.

A rugged and compact articulated wheel with at least two hubs, and wheeled vehicles that include one or more of such articulated wheels.

A rugged and compact articulated wheel with at least two hubs, and wheeled vehicles that include one or more of such articulated wheels.

A first steer tube has a first upper side and a first lower side. A second steer tube has a second upper side and a second lower side. A first axle mounting structure is configured to connect the first lower side to a first end of an axle assembly of a wheel. A second axle mounting structure is configured to connect the second lower side to a second end of the axle assembly. A first head tube assembly is disposed to the first lower side. A second head tube assembly is disposed to the second lower side. A support structure includes a first pivot connection and a second pivot connection. A first arm connects the first head tube assembly and the first pivot connection. A second arm connects the second head tube assembly and the second pivot connection.