A hydraulic operating device for a fluid of a cycle or of a motorcycle hydraulic system including a body, a first chamber carved in the body adapted to house an actuating piston, a second tank-chamber carved in the body and in fluid communication with said first chamber, a floating plug, a sphere, an elastic element, a rear sealing element and a rear plug.

A vehicle includes a suspension that supports a front wheel thereon, and a road surface state decision unit that decides a road surface state by detection of an acceleration sensor. The acceleration sensor is provided at a lower portion of the suspension and is capable of detecting an acceleration at least in a one-axis direction. The suspension is a front fork that supports the front wheel of the saddle riding vehicle. The front fork includes a bottom case that connects a lower portion of the front fork and an axle of the front wheel to each other. The acceleration sensor is attached to the bottom case.

A vehicle includes a suspension that supports a front wheel thereon, and a road surface state decision unit that decides a road surface state by detection of an acceleration sensor. The acceleration sensor is provided at a lower portion of the suspension and is capable of detecting an acceleration at least in a one-axis direction. The suspension is a front fork that supports the front wheel of the saddle riding vehicle. The front fork includes a bottom case that connects a lower portion of the front fork and an axle of the front wheel to each other. The acceleration sensor is attached to the bottom case.

A motorcycle includes a front frame configured by connecting a head pipe, frame, down frame, and lower frame in a loop shape. The motorcycle also includes a rear frame, an engine disposed inside the front frame, an air cleaner disposed inside the rear frame, a suction pipe and fuel supply device connected to the air cleaner and supply gas to the engine, an ABS module controlling locking of wheels at the time of braking, and a cross member bridged between the right and left main frames at the rear portion of the front frame. The suction pipe and the fuel supply device are provided to pass on the upper side of the cross member; the ABS module is disposed below the suction pipe and the fuel supply device is disposed behind a cylinder assembly of the engine and above the rear portion of the crankcase.

A motorcycle includes a front frame configured by connecting a head pipe, frame, down frame, and lower frame in a loop shape. The motorcycle also includes a rear frame, an engine disposed inside the front frame, an air cleaner disposed inside the rear frame, a suction pipe and fuel supply device connected to the air cleaner and supply gas to the engine, an ABS module controlling locking of wheels at the time of braking, and a cross member bridged between the right and left main frames at the rear portion of the front frame. The suction pipe and the fuel supply device are provided to pass on the upper side of the cross member; the ABS module is disposed below the suction pipe and the fuel supply device is disposed behind a cylinder assembly of the engine and above the rear portion of the crankcase.

An electric brake system that appropriately brakes a rotary body of a human powered vehicle in various situations is applicable to a human powered vehicle and includes a brake device including an electric actuator operated by electric power from a power supply, and a braking portion driven by the electric actuator to brake a rotary body of the human powered vehicle, a state detector detecting a state of the human powered vehicle other than an operation of the brake device performed by a user, and a control unit controlling the brake device so that the braking portion brakes the rotary body based on a detection result of the state detector.

An electric brake system that appropriately brakes a rotary body of a human powered vehicle in various situations is applicable to a human powered vehicle and includes a brake device including an electric actuator operated by electric power from a power supply, and a braking portion driven by the electric actuator to brake a rotary body of the human powered vehicle, a state detector detecting a state of the human powered vehicle other than an operation of the brake device performed by a user, and a control unit controlling the brake device so that the braking portion brakes the rotary body based on a detection result of the state detector.

A method for stopping a bicycle at intersection, applied in a bicycle system including a signal light command device, a signal controller, an electromagnet emitting device, and a bicycle having a magnet adsorption device. The method includes controlling, by the signal controller, the electromagnet emitting device to generate magnetic attraction force when a stoplight of the signal light command device is turned on; and attracting, by the electromagnet emitting device, the magnet adsorption device of the bicycle to decelerate or stop the bicycle. A bicycle system and a bicycle are also provided.

A method for stopping a bicycle at intersection, applied in a bicycle system including a signal light command device, a signal controller, an electromagnet emitting device, and a bicycle having a magnet adsorption device. The method includes controlling, by the signal controller, the electromagnet emitting device to generate magnetic attraction force when a stoplight of the signal light command device is turned on; and attracting, by the electromagnet emitting device, the magnet adsorption device of the bicycle to decelerate or stop the bicycle. A bicycle system and a bicycle are also provided.

A power-assist drive system for a vehicle (e.g., a bicycle) is provided. The system includes a drive unit assembly attached to a frame of a vehicle and a motor having an output shaft, and a drive gear rotatably associated with the output shaft. The system further includes a driven unit assembly including a driven gear configured to be attached to a wheel hub of the vehicle, and a brake disc coaxially attached to the driven gear. The drive gear may be configured to operably engage the driven gear to transmit power from the motor to the wheel hub. A brake caliper may be integrated with the drive unit assembly. The system may further include a battery and a speed controller configured to receive an input signal to selectively direct electrical power from the battery to the motor to drive the wheel via the drive gear and the driven gear.