An axle assembly for a bicycle includes an axle having an inner wall extending along a length of the axle between a first end and a second end of the axle. The inner wall at least partially defines a first volume and a second volume within the axle. The first volume has a first diameter, and the second volume has a second diameter that is greater than the first diameter. The first volume is closer than the second volume to the first end of the axle. The axle assembly also includes a sensor attached to the inner wall of the axle within the second volume of the axle.

A vehicle may include a pedal assembly, a motor assembly, and a drive unit that may be used to allow selective usage of one or both of the pedal assembly and the motor assembly to convey power to a driven wheel of the vehicle. The drive unit can include a gearbox that may enclose components which form at least part of a first power path between the pedal assembly and the driven wheel and a second power path between the motor assembly and the driven wheel. The first and second power paths can converge at a component within the gearbox. One-way bearings at points in the first and second power paths prior to the convergence of the power paths can inhibit or prevent the pedal assembly from being affected by operation of the motor assembly, and vice versa.

A crank arm comprises an arm body, an axle fastener, and a biasing element. The arm body includes a crank-axle receiving opening and an axle-fastener receiving opening. The axle-fastener receiving opening has a second opening axis. The axle-fastener receiving opening is partly in communication with the crank-axle receiving opening by a connection opening. The axle fastener includes a fastener body having a splined portion. The splined portion is configured to engage with the splined end of the crank axle in a mounted state where the crank arm is mounted to the crank axle. The biasing element is configured to bias the axle fastener in a biasing direction parallel to the second opening axis.

A crank arm comprises an arm body, an axle fastener, and a biasing element. The arm body includes a crank-axle receiving opening and an axle-fastener receiving opening. The axle-fastener receiving opening has a second opening axis. The axle-fastener receiving opening is partly in communication with the crank-axle receiving opening by a connection opening. The axle fastener includes a fastener body having a splined portion. The splined portion is configured to engage with the splined end of the crank axle in a mounted state where the crank arm is mounted to the crank axle. The biasing element is configured to bias the axle fastener in a biasing direction parallel to the second opening axis.

An axle assembly for a bicycle includes an axle having an inner wall extending along a length of the axle between a first end and a second end of the axle. The inner wall at least partially defines a first volume and a second volume within the axle. The first volume has a first diameter, and the second volume has a second diameter that is greater than the first diameter. The first volume is closer than the second volume to the first end of the axle. The axle assembly also includes a sensor attached to the inner wall of the axle within the second volume of the axle.

An axle assembly for a bicycle includes an axle having an inner wall extending along a length of the axle between a first end and a second end of the axle. The inner wall at least partially defines a first volume and a second volume within the axle. The first volume has a first diameter, and the second volume has a second diameter that is greater than the first diameter. The first volume is closer than the second volume to the first end of the axle. The axle assembly also includes a sensor attached to the inner wall of the axle within the second volume of the axle.

Provided are a rotation assist tool 10 attached to a base side of a rotary shaft 12 having an output unit 11 on a front side thereof and a assist-attached rotation tool 31 including the rotation assist tool 10. The rotation assist tool 10 has a first rotating body 13; a second rotating body 14 that is held by the first rotating body 13 to be rotatable in forward and reverse directions; and at least one elastically deformable body 22 that is elastically deformed as the first rotating body 13 and the second rotating body 14 rotate relative to each other, and transmits rotation between the first rotating body 13 and the second rotating body 14, wherein the base side of the rotary shaft 12 is fixed to the first rotating body 13.

A crank spindle set-up for a vehicle. The set-up includes a crank spindle for receiving a force/torque from pedaling using crank arms attached to ends of the crank spindle; an output shaft for receiving a force and/or a torque from the crank spindle; a mechanical coupling having a tap between the ends of the crank spindle, for transmitting force/torque from the crank spindle to the output shaft; a first magnetic region on/in the output shaft for generating and outputting a first magnetic field that is a function of the state of mechanical stress of the output shaft; a second magnetic region on/in the crank spindle at an axial distance from the tap, for generating and outputting a second magnetic field that is a function of the state of mechanical stress of the crank spindle; and a sensor set-up for detecting a magnetic field outputted by the crank spindle set-up.

A crank spindle set-up for a vehicle. The set-up includes a crank spindle for receiving a force/torque from pedaling using crank arms attached to ends of the crank spindle; an output shaft for receiving a force and/or a torque from the crank spindle; a mechanical coupling having a tap between the ends of the crank spindle, for transmitting force/torque from the crank spindle to the output shaft; a first magnetic region on/in the output shaft for generating and outputting a first magnetic field that is a function of the state of mechanical stress of the output shaft; a second magnetic region on/in the crank spindle at an axial distance from the tap, for generating and outputting a second magnetic field that is a function of the state of mechanical stress of the crank spindle; and a sensor set-up for detecting a magnetic field outputted by the crank spindle set-up.

A bicycle bearing system comprising: an integrated cup, the integrated cup having a non-flanged outer diameter; a plurality of rolling elements configured to abut and rotate against an inner surface of the cup race; an inner race configured to abut and rotate about the plurality of rolling elements, the inner race having an inner diameter; wherein the rolling elements do not have a separate outer race, but rather the inner surface of the integrated cup acts as the outer race to the rolling elements; wherein the rolling elements' sizes are maximized to the limitation that the non-flanged outer diameter is smaller or equal to a first maximum diameter, and wherein the rolling elements sizes are maximized to the limitation that the inner diameter is greater or equal to a first minimum diameter.