Vehicle (110) including a frame (114), a seat mounted to the frame (114), wheels (116, 118) rotatably mounted on the frame (114), and drive mechanisms (112) for causing rotation of one wheel (116). Each drive mechanism (112) includes an arm (132) pivotally attached to the frame (114) at one end, a weight (136) and attached pedal (138) at an opposite end of the arm (132), and a guide member (142) including a bump (150) and that moves in conjunction with movement of the weight (136). The guide member (142) has a first end region at which it is pivotally attached to the frame (114) and a second, opposite end region which is free. A roller (140) attached to the arm (132) moves along the guide member (142) during pivotal movement of the arm (132) to cause pivoting of the guide member (142) as the roller (140) engages with the bump (150). An energy transfer system (148) converts pivotal movement of the guide member (142) into motive power to rotate the wheel (116).

A sliding component comprises a base member, a plated layer, and a lubricant agent. The plated layer includes a metallic material and is disposed on the base member. The lubricant agent includes a fatty acid containing a carboxyl group. The lubricant agent contacts the plated layer.

A linear gear shift mechanism for chainless vehicles includes a gear shift unit having a support rotator, transmission balls and driving posts, with the transmission balls disposed in the support rotator, with a cylindrical receiving portion disposed on each transmission ball radially, with the driving posts disposed in the cylindrical receiving portions along radial direction of the support rotator and rotating from radial direction thereof to but not reach axial direction of the support rotator; an axial power input rotator having an inward-tilted power input annular surface; an axial power output rotator having an inward-tilted power output annular surface, with the transmission balls clamped between inward-tilted power input and output annular surfaces and support rotator; a tread-required transverse power source meshing with axial power input rotator; an axial power transfer portion meshing with axial power output rotator axially; a transverse power output portion meshing with axial power transfer portion.

Vehicle including a frame, a seat mounted to the frame, wheels rotatably mounted on the frame, and drive mechanisms for causing rotation of one wheel. Each drive mechanism includes an arm pivotally attached to the frame at one end, a weight and attached pedal at an opposite end of the arm, and a guide member including a bump and that moves in conjunction with movement of the weight. The guide member has a first end region at which the guide member is pivotally attached to the frame and a second, opposite end region which is free. A roller attached to the arm moves along the guide member during pivotal movement of the arm to cause pivoting of the guide member as the roller engages with the bump. An energy transfer system converts pivotal movement of the guide member into motive power to rotate the wheel.

An electric bike comprises a front wheel, a rear wheel, a seat for a rider to sit on, a frame that supports the front wheel, the rear wheel and the seat, a driving device that provides moving energy to the electric bike and a braking device that reduces the speed of the electric bike. The driving device comprises one or more electric motors. The electric bike further comprises a pedal assembly that receives muscle power from the rider. The pedal assembly comprises a pedal axis and two pedals fixed to the pedal axis. The torque from the pedal assembly is not mechanically transferred to the front wheel or the rear wheel.

An electric bike comprises a front wheel, a rear wheel, a seat for a rider to sit on, a frame that supports the front wheel, the rear wheel and the seat, a driving device that provides moving energy to the electric bike and a braking device that reduces the speed of the electric bike. The driving device comprises one or more electric motors. The electric bike further comprises a pedal assembly that receives muscle power from the rider. The pedal assembly comprises a pedal axis and two pedals fixed to the pedal axis. The torque from the pedal assembly is not mechanically transferred to the front wheel or the rear wheel.

There is provided an oil control valve unit configured to control a hydraulic pressure to intake-side and exhaust-side variable valve timing devices of an engine. An intake control valve is configured to control an intake-side valve timing. An exhaust control valve is configured to control an exhaust-side valve timing. A valve housing is configured to support the intake control valve and the exhaust control valve. The engine is formed therein with a main gallery to which oil is to be delivered from an oil pump. The valve housing is connected with an external piping extending from the main gallery and the oil is supplied from the main gallery to an oil passage in the valve housing through the external piping.

There is provided an oil control valve unit configured to control a hydraulic pressure to intake-side and exhaust-side variable valve timing devices of an engine. An intake control valve is configured to control an intake-side valve timing. An exhaust control valve is configured to control an exhaust-side valve timing. A valve housing is configured to support the intake control valve and the exhaust control valve. The engine is formed therein with a main gallery to which oil is to be delivered from an oil pump. The valve housing is connected with an external piping extending from the main gallery and the oil is supplied from the main gallery to an oil passage in the valve housing through the external piping.

A harmonic ring gear system can include at least one inner gear with external toothing, the at least one inner gear defining an axis of rotation; at least one outer gear with internal toothing arranged concentrically to the at least one inner gear about the axis of rotation, the internal toothing spaced apart from the external toothing; a pin ring positioned between the at least one inner gear and the at least one outer gear, the pin ring comprising a multiplicity of pins; and a rotary transmitter configured to lift a portion of the pins of the multiplicity of pins off the external toothing and press the portion of the pins into the internal toothing.

A harmonic ring gear system can include at least one inner gear with external toothing, the at least one inner gear defining an axis of rotation; at least one outer gear with internal toothing arranged concentrically to the at least one inner gear about the axis of rotation, the internal toothing spaced apart from the external toothing; a pin ring positioned between the at least one inner gear and the at least one outer gear, the pin ring comprising a multiplicity of pins; and a rotary transmitter configured to lift a portion of the pins of the multiplicity of pins off the external toothing and press the portion of the pins into the internal toothing.