Provided are a method and an apparatus for extruding into a tube and filling the tube at a high speed and simultaneously sealing the tube. Specifically provided is a method for producing a polymer tube, containing a liquid therein and being sealed at constant intervals, the method including an extrusion step of continuously melt-extruding a polymer material through a die into at least one tube, while feeding a liquid into the tube to obtain at least one liquid-containing tube; and sealing step of discontinuously pressing the at least one liquid-containing tube between a pair of pressurizing members at constant intervals to cause pressure-bonding before the tube solidifies, while continuously taking up the extruded tube.

Provided are a method and an apparatus for extruding into a tube and filling the tube at a high speed and simultaneously sealing the tube. Specifically provided is a method for producing a polymer tube, containing a liquid therein and being sealed at constant intervals, the method including an extrusion step of continuously melt-extruding a polymer material through a die into at least one tube, while feeding a liquid into the tube to obtain at least one liquid-containing tube; and sealing step of discontinuously pressing the at least one liquid-containing tube between a pair of pressurizing members at constant intervals to cause pressure-bonding before the tube solidifies, while continuously taking up the extruded tube.

Provided are a method and an apparatus for extruding into a tube and filling the tube at a high speed and simultaneously sealing the tube. Specifically provided is a method for producing a polymer tube, containing a liquid therein and being sealed at constant intervals, the method including an extrusion step of continuously melt-extruding a polymer material through a die into at least one tube, while feeding a liquid into the tube to obtain at least one liquid-containing tube; and sealing step of discontinuously pressing the at least one liquid-containing tube between a pair of pressurizing members at constant intervals to cause pressure-bonding before the tube solidifies, while continuously taking up the extruded tube.

Provided are a method and an apparatus for extruding into a tube and filling the tube at a high speed and simultaneously sealing the tube. Specifically provided is a method for producing a polymer tube, containing a liquid therein and being sealed at constant intervals, the method including an extrusion step of continuously melt-extruding a polymer material through a die into at least one tube, while feeding a liquid into the tube to obtain at least one liquid-containing tube; and sealing step of discontinuously pressing the at least one liquid-containing tube between a pair of pressurizing members at constant intervals to cause pressure-bonding before the tube solidifies, while continuously taking up the extruded tube.

A device and a method for producing fascines in particular straw-fiber fascines, coconut-fiber fascines, wood-fiber fascines, and hemp-fiber fascines are provided. The device comprises a plurality of conveyor screws for conveying fibrous material such as straw fibers, coconut fibers, wood fibers, or hemp fibers, in a tubular element for filling the fibrous material into a tubular net. Moreover, the device comprises a distributor box. The distributor box has an interior space having an infeed opening for infeeding the fibrous material, and one or a plurality of base-side openings. The base-side openings herein serve for in-feeding fibrous material from the distributor box to the conveyor screws.

In one aspect, methods for producing packaged edible materials are provided. In a further aspect, edible material dispensing apparatus are provided. In additional aspects, pod units are provided including those adapted for containing equine supplement or feed materials.

Methods and apparatus, including computer program products, are described for filling packages (112) in a food packaging machine (100) with a food product, wherein the food packaging machine (100) comprises a plurality of sub-systems. One or more local variable values (116) are received, which indicate measurements by the food packaging machine (100) of one or more physical parameters for a local filling sub-system (300). One or more remote variable values (204) are received, which indicate measurements by the food packaging machine (100) of one or more physical parameters for one or remote sub-systems. One or more control parameter values are determined for the local filling sub-system (300) of the food packaging machine (100), by processing the remote (204) and local (116) variable values using a reinforcement learning model (206) and a local control model (210). One or more control parameters of the local filling sub-system (300) are adjusted in accordance with the determined control parameter values. The filling of packages (112) with food product by the food packaging machine (100) is controlled in accordance with the adjusted one or more control parameters.

Methods and apparatus, including computer program products, are described for filling packages (112) in a food packaging machine (100) with a food product, wherein the food packaging machine (100) comprises a plurality of sub-systems. One or more local variable values (116) are received, which indicate measurements by the food packaging machine (100) of one or more physical parameters for a local filling sub-system (300). One or more remote variable values (204) are received, which indicate measurements by the food packaging machine (100) of one or more physical parameters for one or remote sub-systems. One or more control parameter values are determined for the local filling sub-system (300) of the food packaging machine (100), by processing the remote (204) and local (116) variable values using a reinforcement learning model (206) and a local control model (210). One or more control parameters of the local filling sub-system (300) are adjusted in accordance with the determined control parameter values. The filling of packages (112) with food product by the food packaging machine (100) is controlled in accordance with the adjusted one or more control parameters.

Methods and apparatus, including computer program products, are described for forming individual packages in a food packaging machine (100) comprising a plurality of sub-systems. One or more local variable values (142) are received, which indicate measurements by the food packaging machine (100) of one or more physical parameters for a local sub-system (120). One or more remote variable values (204) are received, which indicate measurements by the food packaging machine (100) of one or more physical parameters for one or remote sub-systems. One or more control parameter values are determined for the local sub-system (120) of the food packaging machine (100), by processing the remote variable values (204) and the local variable values (142) using a reinforcement learning model (206) and a local control model (210). One or more control parameters of the local sub-system (120) are adjusted in accordance with the determined control parameter values. The formation of individual packages (122) by the food packaging machine (100) is controlled in accordance with the adjusted one or more control parameters.

Methods and apparatus, including computer program products, are described for forming individual packages in a food packaging machine (100) comprising a plurality of sub-systems. One or more local variable values (142) are received, which indicate measurements by the food packaging machine (100) of one or more physical parameters for a local sub-system (120). One or more remote variable values (204) are received, which indicate measurements by the food packaging machine (100) of one or more physical parameters for one or remote sub-systems. One or more control parameter values are determined for the local sub-system (120) of the food packaging machine (100), by processing the remote variable values (204) and the local variable values (142) using a reinforcement learning model (206) and a local control model (210). One or more control parameters of the local sub-system (120) are adjusted in accordance with the determined control parameter values. The formation of individual packages (122) by the food packaging machine (100) is controlled in accordance with the adjusted one or more control parameters.