The present invention relates to a prophylactic or inhibitory agent for brain hypofunction, which comprises a carotenoid composition or a carotenoid formulation, each containing astaxanthin, adonirubin and adonixanthin at a given ratio.

Provided in the present invention is a photodeterioration inhibitor of pyrroloquinoline quinone and/or a salt thereof, comprising, as active ingredient(s), one or more colorants selected from the group consisting of tar colorant, carthamus yellow colorant, cochineal colorant, purple sweet potato colorant, red radish colorant, green colorant, gardenia blue colorant and caramel colorant.

Provided is a multilayer particle, the particle including: a core including: a first active ingredient; and a first polymer; a first shell, substantially surrounding the core, the first shell including: a second polymer; a second shell, substantially surrounding the first shell, the second shell including: a third polymer; and a plurality of emulsifying agents.

Provided is a composition for oral administration, the composition including: a dispersion medium including: an aqueous solution; and a dispersed phase including: a population of particles, each particle including: a core including: a first active ingredient; and an aqueous solution; a shell, substantially surrounding the core, the shell including: a lipophilic carrier; and a plurality of emulsifying agents; wherein the particle retards the release of the first active ingredient after consumption.

Provided is a food and beverage additive having enhanced water solubility, the additive including: an aqueous solution; a first plurality of polymers; a first particle including: a first plurality of lipophilic carriers; a first active ingredient; a first plurality of emulsifying agents; and a second plurality of polymers; wherein the first particle exhibits higher hydrophilicity compared to the first active ingredient; and wherein a plurality of the first particles are uniformly dispersed in the aqueous solution.

Provided is a container for liquids associated with a carbonator is provided including a base, a containment body, the container body and the base defining a first inner volume for a liquid, and an opening closable by a cap, configured to allow access to the liquid in the first inner volume, and wherein the base includes constraining means for a gas container having a second inner volume for the gas, a connection configured to place in fluidic connection the second inner volume with the first inner volume, a valve configured to obstruct or free the connection, and control means configured to control from outside the inner volume of the valve, and wherein the connection is separate from the opening.

Provided is a container for liquids associated with a carbonator is provided including a base, a containment body, the container body and the base defining a first inner volume for a liquid, and an opening closable by a cap, configured to allow access to the liquid in the first inner volume, and wherein the base includes constraining means for a gas container having a second inner volume for the gas, a connection configured to place in fluidic connection the second inner volume with the first inner volume, a valve configured to obstruct or free the connection, and control means configured to control from outside the inner volume of the valve, and wherein the connection is separate from the opening.

Provided is a method of encapsulation, the method including: providing a first mixture; applying heat to the first mixture until the first mixture reaches a first temperature; providing a second mixture; applying heat to the second mixture until the second mixture reaches a second temperature; mixing the first mixture with the second mixture to obtain a third mixture; providing a fourth mixture; applying heat to the fourth mixture until the fourth mixture reaches a third temperature; mixing the third mixture with the fourth mixture to obtain a fifth mixture.

Methods for purifying steviol glycosides, including Rebaudioside X, are provided herein. Sweetener and sweetened containing Rebaudioside X are also provided herein. Methods of improving the flavor and/or temporal profile of sweetenable compositions, such as beverages, are also provided.

Methods for purifying steviol glycosides, including Rebaudioside X, are provided herein. Sweetener and sweetened containing Rebaudioside X are also provided herein. Methods of improving the flavor and/or temporal profile of sweetenable compositions, such as beverages, are also provided.