The present invention relates to nutritional compositions comprising 3-hydroxybutyric acid for use in improving gastrointestinal barrier. In particular, the present invention relates to improving the gastrointestinal barrier in an individual, preferably in an infant or a child.

The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating Parkinson's disease, comprising a 2-(4-(1-hydroxypropane-2-yl)phenyl)isoindoline-1-one compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein the pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating Parkinson's disease can increase the protein level of PGC-1α in the brain of an individual by successfully passing through the blood-brain barrier (BBB).

Tannin-containing compositions and methods of using same to enhance or maintain immune function during simplified nutrition feeding. Pharmaceutical compositions, including enteral nutrition compositions, are provided. The compositions comprise such tannins as proanthocyanidins and/or hydrolysable tannins. Administering the tannins to the gastrointestinal tract of a subject receiving simplified nutrition, such as with enteral nutrition therapy or parenteral nutrition therapy, attenuates or prevents deleterious effects on the gastrointestinal immune system that would otherwise occur with the simplified nutrition.

The present invention relates to a prolonged release formulation of caffeine, which comprises of caffeine embedded in a continuous phase of non-polymeric release controlling carrier. The formulation may be optionally comprised of one or more excipients which are acceptable in nutraceutical and food industry. The invention also relates to a process for preparation; wherein caffeine is uniformly distributed throughout the continuous phase of non-polymeric release controlling carrier to get single-phase granules. The formulation releases caffeine through continuous phase of non-polymeric release controlling carrier, wherein about 20 to 60% of caffeine is released in first hour, followed by about 50-90% of release in 4-8 hours and about 70 to 100% of caffeine release in 8-12 hours. Caffeine formulation can advantageously be administered to a subject for achieving stimulant effect through prolonged release of caffeine over entire day.

Food-grade pulse protein concentrates prepared from various pulses and flours derived therefrom are provided. Also provided are method of making the concentrates and beverages and foodstuffs that include the concentrates. The pulse protein concentrates are characterized by a high protein content, high digestibility, and complete essential amino acid profile.

Compositions and methods are provided for incorporating processed oils with high monoacylglyceride (MAG) content into products and food products. Methods are specifically provided for generating high MAG content processed oils.

Disclosed herein are compositions composition comprising powder form metallic magnesium and CaMg(CO.sub.3).sub.2 capable of forming molecular hydrogen and methods of using the same for dietary supplementation and soil conditioning and fertilization.

Disclosed are nutritional compositions including human milk oligosaccharides and nucleotides that can be administered to preterm infants, term infants, toddlers, and children for reducing inflammation and the incidence of inflammatory diseases.

The invention concerns Lactobacillus reuteri for use in the prevention or treatment of microbiota dysbiosis, in particular, decreased levels of Actinobacteria and increased levels of Proteobacteria, in young mammals and in the prevention or treatment of disorders associated therewith. The microbiota dysbiosis may have been cause by numerous factors including being born by caesarean section, exposure to antibiotics in utero or after birth, or, parenteral feeding, hospitalizing, psychological stress or by gastrointestinal dysfunctions. The disorders that may be treated or prevented by preventing or treating microbiota dysbiosis include propensity to infection, allergy, type I diabetes mellitus, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, celiac disease, peripheral and central adiposity, obesity, necrotizing enterocolitis, inflammatory bowel disease, such as Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, and functional gastrointestinal disorders such as IBS, functional diarrhea, functional constipation, recurrent abdominal pain, and dyspepsia.

The present invention relates to a preterm human milk fortifier composition, more specifically to a preterm milk fortifier composition providing one or more specific nutrient in amounts that are missing in human milk of women who gave birth to a preterm infant. In particular the present invention relates to a fortifier composition designed for infants as a supplement to preterm human breast milk at the time the infant leaves the hospital (discharge) and after. The invention furthermore relates to the use of said preterm human milk fortifier composition.