A 3D nanopore device for characterizing biopolymer molecules includes a first selecting layer having a first axis of selection. The device also includes a second selecting layer disposed adjacent the first selecting layer and having a second axis of selection orthogonal to the first axis of selection. The device further includes an third electrode layer disposed adjacent the second selecting layer, such that the first selecting layer, the second selecting layer, and the third electrode layer form a stack of layers along a Z axis and define a plurality of nanopore pillars.

A solution and method of creating such for producing silicon nanowires or silicon nano-plates. The solution comprising distilled water, Potassium Hydroxide (KOH), at least one catalyst, Sodium Methyl Siliconate (CH.sub.5NaO.sub.3Si), Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid (EDTA), which act as a first chelating agent, Sodium Diethyldithiocarbamate (C.sub.5H.sub.10NS.sub.2Na), which acts as a second chelating agent, and Dimethylacrylic Acid, which acts as a buffer that is able to regulate the amount of silicon nanowires or plates formed and to prevent agglomeration. The concentration of the Sodium Diethyldithiocarbamate in the solution is greater than concentration of the EDTA in the solution for forming a plurality of thick and short nanowires, and the concentration of the Sodium Diethyldithiocarbamate in the solution is less than the concentration of the EDTA in the solution for forming a plurality of thin and long nanowires.

A method for making 3D nano-structure comprising at least two materials by spatially controlling the growth of the materials, is provided. Further, a method for making 3D nano-structure bound to a thermally labile substrate is provided. Composites, comprising a substrate bound to a 3D nano-structure, wherein the 3D nano-structure is arranged in a pattern are provided.

A method of manipulating a molecule having a dipole moment is provided. A non-limiting example of the method includes providing an array of electrodes with each respective electrode in electrical communication with a respective interconnect. Each respective electrode is individually addressable through its respective interconnect, and each respective electrode is capable of generating an electromagnetic field when stimulated. The method provides the molecule above the array of electrodes and stimulates one or more electrodes within the array of electrodes to manipulate the molecule.

Provided is a fibrous carbon nanostructure dispersion liquid having excellent fibrous carbon nanostructure dispersibility. The fibrous carbon nanostructure dispersion liquid contains a solvent and one or more fibrous carbon nanostructures having a percentage mass loss of 3.0 mass % or less upon heating from 23° C. to 200° C. at a heating rate of 20° C./min in a nitrogen atmosphere as measured by thermogravimetric analysis.

A microrobot and manufacturing method thereof are provided. The microrobot includes a first block, a second block, and a third block connected with each other. The first block is disposed between the second block and the third block. The first block includes polydimethylsiloxane. The second block and the third block include a mixture, and the mixture includes polydimethylsiloxane and neodymium magnet particles. The manufacturing method of the microrobot includes the steps of providing a first acrylic mold with an accommodating space and a second acrylic mold with a U-shaped groove; injecting polydimethylsiloxane into the accommodating space; placing the second acrylic mold in the accommodating space; taking out the second acrylic mold and injecting the mixture into the accommodating space to obtain a microrobot. Placing the microrobot on an electromagnet platform can achieve an object of mixing and dissolving an embolism in a flow channel.

Provided is a nano structure for controlling optical properties of an optical device. The nano structure includes a substrate, a surface modification layer provided on the substrate to modify surface energy of the substrate, and a capping layer provided on the surface modification layer. The capping layer includes a convex portion having a convex profile away from the surface modification layer and a concave portion that is in contact with the surface modification layer.

Accelerating photonic and opto-electronic technologies requires breaking current limits of modern chip-scale photonic devices. While electronics and computer technologies have benefited from “Moore's Law” scaling, photonic technologies are conventionally limited in scale by the wavelength of light. Recent sub-wavelength optical devices use nanostructures and plasmonic devices but still face fundamental performance limitations arising from metal-induced optical losses and resonance-induced narrow optical bandwidths. The present disclosure instead confines and guides light at deeply sub-wavelength dimensions while preserving low-loss and broadband operation. The wave nature of light is used while employing metal-free (all-dielectric) nanostructure geometries which effectively “pinch” light into ultra-small active volumes, for potentially about 100-1000× reduction in energy consumption of active photonic components such as phase-shifters. The present disclosure could make possible all-optical and quantum computing devices which require extreme optical confinement to achieve efficient light-matter interactions.

A method of making an array of aligned hafnium oxide nanotubes is provided. The method includes generating a first reactant gas from a first solution comprising a first hafnium precursor dissolved in a first solvent. Directing the flow of the first reactant gas over a substrate to form a seed layer that comprises particles of hafnium oxide. The method further includes generating a second reactant gas from a second solution comprising a second hafnium precursor dissolved in a second solvent. Directing the flow of the second reactant gas over the seed layer to form the array of aligned hafnium oxide nanotubes substantially perpendicular on a surface of the substrate. A method of using the array of aligned hafnium oxide tubes for detection of toxic gases in a gas sample is also provided.

Apparatus and methods for making metal-connected particle articles. A metal containing fluid is selectively applied to a layer of particles. The metal in the fluid is used to form metal connections between particles. The metal connections are formed at temperatures below the sintering temperature of the particles in the layer of particles.