The embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a method, system and composition producing a magnetic carbon nanomaterial product that may comprise carbon nanotubes (CNTs) at least some of which are magnetic CNTs (mCNTs). The method and apparatus employ carbon dioxide (CO.sub.2) as a reactant in an electrolysis reaction in order to make mCNTs. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, a magnetic additive component is included as a reactant in the method and as a portion of one or more components in the system or composition to facilitate a magnetic material addition process, a carbide nucleation process or both during the electrosynthesis reaction for making magnetic carbon nanomaterials.

A micro- and nano-hot embossing method for an optical glass lens array, including: preparing a mold with a micro-hole array by micro EDM, where the micro-hole array matches an optical glass lens array and the mold is made of a hard metal material which is conductive and meets strength and temperature requirements; preparing a nano nitride-based graded composite coating on a surface of the mold by magnetron sputtering; and pre-fabricating a glass preform and then placing the glass preform on the surface of the mold; heating the glass preform and hot embossing by a glass molding machine in vacuum; cooling in nitrogen atmosphere; and demolding to produce the optical glass lens array. The micro- and nano-hot embossing method of the present invention improves the surface quality of the optical glass lens array and reduces the cost and difficulty for manufacturing.

A method for controlling the encapsulation efficiency and burst release of water soluble molecules from nanoparticle and microparticle formulations produced by the inverted Flash NanoPrecipitation (iFNP) process and subsequent processing steps is presented. The processing steps and materials used can be adjusted to tune the encapsulation efficiency and burst release of the encapsulated water-soluble material. The encapsulation efficiency of the soluble agent in the particles and the burst release of the soluble agent from the particles can be controlled by: (1) the copolymers used in the assembly or coating process, (2) the degree of crosslinking of the nanoparticle core, (3) the incorporation of small molecule or polymeric additives, and/or (4) the processing and release conditions employed.

Provided is a composite body that includes halloysite powder including a granule in which halloysite including a halloysite nanotube is aggregated, and a transition metal catalyst carried in the halloysite powder. The granule preferably includes a first pore derived from a tube hole of the halloysite nanotube, and a second pore different from the first pore. The transition metal catalyst preferably includes at least one element selected from the group consisting of iron, ruthenium, cobalt, nickel and silver.

Provided is a composite body that includes halloysite powder including a granule in which halloysite including a halloysite nanotube is aggregated, and a transition metal catalyst carried in the halloysite powder. The granule preferably includes a first pore derived from a tube hole of the halloysite nanotube, and a second pore different from the first pore. The transition metal catalyst preferably includes at least one element selected from the group consisting of iron, ruthenium, cobalt, nickel and silver.

An atomic force microscope (AFM) and method of operating the same includes a separate Z height sensor to measure, simultaneously with AFM system control, probe sample distance, pixel-by-pixel during AFM data acquisition. By mapping the AFM data to low resolution data of the Z height data, a high resolution final data image corrected for creep is generated in real time.

An atomic force microscope (AFM) and method of operating the same includes a separate Z height sensor to measure, simultaneously with AFM system control, probe sample distance, pixel-by-pixel during AFM data acquisition. By mapping the AFM data to low resolution data of the Z height data, a high resolution final data image corrected for creep is generated in real time.

A method of making a magnetically-drivable microrobot that is suitable for carrying and delivering cells includes photo-curing a photo-curable material composition to form a body of the magnetically-drivable microrobot. The photo-curable material composition includes a degradable component, a structural component, a magnetic component, and a photo-curing facilitation composition including a photoinitiator component and a photosensitizer component.

A method of making a magnetically-drivable microrobot that is suitable for carrying and delivering cells includes photo-curing a photo-curable material composition to form a body of the magnetically-drivable microrobot. The photo-curable material composition includes a degradable component, a structural component, a magnetic component, and a photo-curing facilitation composition including a photoinitiator component and a photosensitizer component.

The present disclosure provides a system comprising a communication interface and computer for assigning a label to the biomolecule fingerprint, wherein the label corresponds to a biological state. The present disclosure also provides a sensor arrays for detecting biomolecules and methods of use. In some embodiments, the sensor arrays are capable of determining a disease state in a subject.